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Diogo Gonzaga Jaymehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9338970156798270Vinícius Silveira RaposoCristiano Gonzaga JaymeGuilherme de Camargo FerrazMayara Gonçalves FonsecaRafael Resende Faleiroshttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5524821354798203Pamella Grossi de Sousa2023-06-30T16:26:12Z2023-06-30T16:26:12Z2023-02-28http://hdl.handle.net/1843/55618https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7073-3141Objetivou-se avaliar a ingestão de matéria seca, o consumo de nutrientes, comportamento e desempenho de potros recém-desmamados recebendo diferentes fontes de volumosos conservados. Participaram do experimento vinte potros recém-desmamados da raça Mangalarga Marchador, com idade média de 6 meses e 135,9±29,4kg de peso corporal. O período experimental durou 110 dias, sendo que os primeiros 35 dias foram de adaptação. Os potros foram distribuídos em 4 grupos: Silagem de milho (SM), Feno de Tifton 85 convencional (FENO), Feno de Tifton 85 peletizado (PELET) e Silagem pré-secada de Tifton 85 (PS). As dietas foram formuladas para atender às exigências da categoria e foram isoproteicas e isoenergéticas. Foram realizadas sete avaliações (A1 a A7) da ingestão de matéria seca de forragem (IMSF) diurno e noturno, ingestão de matéria seca total (IMST) e consumo de nutrientes. Também foram avaliados o comportamento ingestivo e IMSF de dez potros de forma automatizada no cocho Intergado® denominada IMSFi. As avaliações do comportamento foram realizadas no INÍCIO e FIM do estudo por meio de observações visuais em intervalos de cinco minutos durante 24 horas. Peso corporal (PC), o escore de condição corporal (ECC), a altura da cernelha, a altura e largura da garupa e o ganho de peso diário (GPD) dos vinte potros foram avaliados nos dias 1 (D1), 28 (D28), 59 (D59) e 75 (D75) do período experimental. Os resultados de ingestão, comportamento e desempenho foram analisados em um delineamento em blocos ao acaso (DBC) com parcelas subdivididas e os resultados registrados pelo cocho eletrônico Intergado® foram analisados em DBC e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de significância. Os tratamentos FENO e PELET não diferiram (p>0,05) quando ao IMSF consumo de nutrientes, mas houve diferença (p<0,05) no consumo de nitrogênio ligado à fibra em detergente ácido (NIDA), extrato etéreo (EE), cálcio (Ca) e magnésio (Mg). O PS proporcionou consumo de nutrientes menor (p<0,05) que o FENO e PELET devido a menor (p<0,05) IMSF. A distribuição da IMSF diurna e noturna representou em média 45% e 55%, respectivamente, para os tratamentos FENO, PS e SM e 35% e 65%, respectivamente, para o tratamento PELET. O tratamento SM proporcionou as menores IMS de forragem e total, de proteína bruta e de fibras e os maiores consumos de carboidratos não-fibrosos proveniente do alto consumo amido. Nenhum dos tratamentos foram capazes de suprir as necessidades diárias de cálcio e fósforo somente com o volumoso. Porém a SM promoveu consumo de minerais mais baixo (p<0,05), especialmente cálcio e fósforo (90% abaixo da exigência), o que pode resultar em problemas ortopédicos nesta categoria. Os resultados de IMSF medido manualmente corroboram com os dados registrados pelo cocho Intergado®, em que a maior IMSFi foi do tratamento FENO, seguido dos tratamentos PELET e PS e a menor foi do tratamento SM. Em relação ao comportamento, no INÍCIO do experimento os tratamentos SM e PELET proporcionaram os menores tempos consumindo volumoso, maiores tempos em ócio em pé e maiores tempo realizando estereotipias. E no FIM, os mesmos tratamentos proporcionaram os menores tempos em interação social e maiores tempos realizando estereotipias. E o PELET continuou sendo o tratamento com menor tempo consumindo volumoso. Em relação ao desempenho, não houve diferença (p>0,05) entre os tratamentos para as variáveis PC, ECC, altura de cernelha, altura e largura de garupa. Porém, foi observado em média, 50% a menos de GPD no tratamento SM comparado aos demais tratamentos durante o experimento, exceto em D28. Concluiu-se que o consumo e desempenho dos potros foi satisfatório em dietas balanceadas com as fontes de volumosos: Feno de Tifton 85 convencional, Silagem pré-secada de Tifton 85 e Feno de Tifton 85 peletizado. Apesar dos resultados promissores, o feno peletizado deve ser utilizado com cautela em consumo ad libitum devido ao risco iminente de estereotipias e de distúrbios digestivos. A silagem de milho não deve ser utilizada como base volumosa em dietas de potros recém-desmamados, com prejuízos diretos no consumo de nutrientes, no desempenho, no comportamento, e principalmente, na saúde do trato gastrointestinal.The objective was to evaluate dry matter intake, nutrient intake, behavior and performance of weaned foals receiving different sources of preserved roughage. Twenty newly weaned foals of the Mangalarga Marchador breed, with an average age of 6 months and 135.9±29.4kg of body weight, participated in the experiment. The experimental period lasted 110 days, and the first 35 days were for adaptation. The foals were divided into 4 groups: corn silage (CS), conventional Tifton 85 hay (HAY), pelletized Tifton 85 hay (PELET) and pre-dried Tifton 85 silage (PS). The diets were formulated to meet the requirements of the category and were isoproteic and isoenergetic. Seven evaluations (A1 to A7) of forage dry matter intake (FDMI) day and night, total dry matter intake (TDMI) and nutrient intake were carried out. The ingestive behavior and FDMI of ten foals were also evaluated in an automated way in the Intergado® trough called FDMIi. Behavioral assessments were performed at the START and END of the study through visual observations at five-minute intervals for 24 hours. Body weight (BW), body condition score (BCS), withers height, rump height and width and daily weight gain (DWG) of twenty foals were evaluated on days 1 (D1), 28 (D28), 59 (D59) and 75 (D75) of the experimental period. Intake, behavior and performance results were analyzed in a randomized block design (RBD) with split plots and the results recorded by the Intergado® electronic trough were analyzed in RBD and the means compared by Tukey's test at 5% significance. The HAY and PELET treatments did not differ (p>0.05) regarding IMSF nutrient consumption, but there was a difference (p<0.05) in the consumption of nitrogen bound to acid detergent fiber (NADF), ether extract (EE), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg). PS provided lower (p<0.05) nutrient intake than HAY and PELET due to lower (p<0.05) FDMI. The distribution of day and night FDMI represented on average 45% and 55%, respectively, for HAY, PS and CS treatments and 35% and 65%, respectively, for PELET treatment. The CS treatment provided the lowest IMS of forage and total, crude protein and fiber and the highest consumption of non-fiber carbohydrates from high starch consumption. None of the treatments were able to supply the daily needs of calcium and phosphorus only with roughage. However, CS promoted lower consumption of minerals (p<0.05), especially calcium and phosphorus (90% below the requirement), which can result in orthopedic problems in this category. The manually measured FDMI results corroborate the data recorded by the Intergado® trough, in which the highest IMSFi was for the HAY treatment, followed by the PELET and PS treatments and the lowest was for the CS treatment. Regarding behavior, at the START of the experiment, the CS and PELET treatments provided the shortest times consuming roughage, the longest time standing idle and the longest time performing stereotypies. And in the END, the same treatments provided the shortest times in social interaction and the longest times performing stereotypies. And PELET continued to be the treatment with less time consuming roughage. Regarding performance, there was no difference (p>0.05) between treatments for the variables BW, BCS, height at withers, height and width of rump. However, an average of 50% less DWG was observed in the CS treatment compared to the other treatments during the experiment, except on D28. It was concluded that the consumption and performance of foals was satisfactory in balanced diets with sources of roughage: conventional Tifton 85 hay, pre-dried Tifton 85 silage and pelletized Tifton 85 hay. Despite the promising results, pelleted hay should be used with caution in ad libitum consumption due to the imminent risk of stereotypies and digestive disorders. Corn silage should not be used as a roughage base in diets for newly weaned foals, with direct damage to nutrient intake, performance, behavior, and especially the health of the gastrointestinal tract.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorporUniversidade Federal de Minas GeraisPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUFMGBrasilVET - DEPARTAMENTO DE ZOOTECNIANutrição animalCavaloZootecniaMangalarga MarchadorConsumo, comportamento e desempenho de potros recém-desmamados submetidos a dietas com diferentes fontes de volumosos conservadosinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMGinstname:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)instacron:UFMGORIGINALTese Pamella Grossi de Sousa.pdfTese Pamella Grossi de Sousa.pdfapplication/pdf4972236https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/55618/1/Tese%20Pamella%20Grossi%20de%20Sousa.pdfad9eb139e87c7c0bb2833a1111f7a2f5MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82118https://repositorio.ufmg.br/bitstream/1843/55618/2/license.txtcda590c95a0b51b4d15f60c9642ca272MD521843/556182023-06-30 13:26:12.546oai:repositorio.ufmg.br:1843/55618TElDRU7Dh0EgREUgRElTVFJJQlVJw4fDg08gTsODTy1FWENMVVNJVkEgRE8gUkVQT1NJVMOTUklPIElOU1RJVFVDSU9OQUwgREEgVUZNRwoKQ29tIGEgYXByZXNlbnRhw6fDo28gZGVzdGEgbGljZW7Dp2EsIHZvY8OqIChvIGF1dG9yIChlcykgb3UgbyB0aXR1bGFyIGRvcyBkaXJlaXRvcyBkZSBhdXRvcikgY29uY2VkZSBhbyBSZXBvc2l0w7NyaW8gSW5zdGl0dWNpb25hbCBkYSBVRk1HIChSSS1VRk1HKSBvIGRpcmVpdG8gbsOjbyBleGNsdXNpdm8gZSBpcnJldm9nw6F2ZWwgZGUgcmVwcm9kdXppciBlL291IGRpc3RyaWJ1aXIgYSBzdWEgcHVibGljYcOnw6NvIChpbmNsdWluZG8gbyByZXN1bW8pIHBvciB0b2RvIG8gbXVuZG8gbm8gZm9ybWF0byBpbXByZXNzbyBlIGVsZXRyw7RuaWNvIGUgZW0gcXVhbHF1ZXIgbWVpbywgaW5jbHVpbmRvIG9zIGZvcm1hdG9zIMOhdWRpbyBvdSB2w61kZW8uCgpWb2PDqiBkZWNsYXJhIHF1ZSBjb25oZWNlIGEgcG9sw610aWNhIGRlIGNvcHlyaWdodCBkYSBlZGl0b3JhIGRvIHNldSBkb2N1bWVudG8gZSBxdWUgY29uaGVjZSBlIGFjZWl0YSBhcyBEaXJldHJpemVzIGRvIFJJLVVGTUcuCgpWb2PDqiBjb25jb3JkYSBxdWUgbyBSZXBvc2l0w7NyaW8gSW5zdGl0dWNpb25hbCBkYSBVRk1HIHBvZGUsIHNlbSBhbHRlcmFyIG8gY29udGXDumRvLCB0cmFuc3BvciBhIHN1YSBwdWJsaWNhw6fDo28gcGFyYSBxdWFscXVlciBtZWlvIG91IGZvcm1hdG8gcGFyYSBmaW5zIGRlIHByZXNlcnZhw6fDo28uCgpWb2PDqiB0YW1iw6ltIGNvbmNvcmRhIHF1ZSBvIFJlcG9zaXTDs3JpbyBJbnN0aXR1Y2lvbmFsIGRhIFVGTUcgcG9kZSBtYW50ZXIgbWFpcyBkZSB1bWEgY8OzcGlhIGRlIHN1YSBwdWJsaWNhw6fDo28gcGFyYSBmaW5zIGRlIHNlZ3VyYW7Dp2EsIGJhY2stdXAgZSBwcmVzZXJ2YcOnw6NvLgoKVm9jw6ogZGVjbGFyYSBxdWUgYSBzdWEgcHVibGljYcOnw6NvIMOpIG9yaWdpbmFsIGUgcXVlIHZvY8OqIHRlbSBvIHBvZGVyIGRlIGNvbmNlZGVyIG9zIGRpcmVpdG9zIGNvbnRpZG9zIG5lc3RhIGxpY2Vuw6dhLiBWb2PDqiB0YW1iw6ltIGRlY2xhcmEgcXVlIG8gZGVww7NzaXRvIGRlIHN1YSBwdWJsaWNhw6fDo28gbsOjbywgcXVlIHNlamEgZGUgc2V1IGNvbmhlY2ltZW50bywgaW5mcmluZ2UgZGlyZWl0b3MgYXV0b3JhaXMgZGUgbmluZ3XDqW0uCgpDYXNvIGEgc3VhIHB1YmxpY2HDp8OjbyBjb250ZW5oYSBtYXRlcmlhbCBxdWUgdm9jw6ogbsOjbyBwb3NzdWkgYSB0aXR1bGFyaWRhZGUgZG9zIGRpcmVpdG9zIGF1dG9yYWlzLCB2b2PDqiBkZWNsYXJhIHF1ZSBvYnRldmUgYSBwZXJtaXNzw6NvIGlycmVzdHJpdGEgZG8gZGV0ZW50b3IgZG9zIGRpcmVpdG9zIGF1dG9yYWlzIHBhcmEgY29uY2VkZXIgYW8gUmVwb3NpdMOzcmlvIEluc3RpdHVjaW9uYWwgZGEgVUZNRyBvcyBkaXJlaXRvcyBhcHJlc2VudGFkb3MgbmVzdGEgbGljZW7Dp2EsIGUgcXVlIGVzc2UgbWF0ZXJpYWwgZGUgcHJvcHJpZWRhZGUgZGUgdGVyY2Vpcm9zIGVzdMOhIGNsYXJhbWVudGUgaWRlbnRpZmljYWRvIGUgcmVjb25oZWNpZG8gbm8gdGV4dG8gb3Ugbm8gY29udGXDumRvIGRhIHB1YmxpY2HDp8OjbyBvcmEgZGVwb3NpdGFkYS4KCkNBU08gQSBQVUJMSUNBw4fDg08gT1JBIERFUE9TSVRBREEgVEVOSEEgU0lETyBSRVNVTFRBRE8gREUgVU0gUEFUUk9Dw41OSU8gT1UgQVBPSU8gREUgVU1BIEFHw4pOQ0lBIERFIEZPTUVOVE8gT1UgT1VUUk8gT1JHQU5JU01PLCBWT0PDiiBERUNMQVJBIFFVRSBSRVNQRUlUT1UgVE9ET1MgRSBRVUFJU1FVRVIgRElSRUlUT1MgREUgUkVWSVPDg08gQ09NTyBUQU1Cw4lNIEFTIERFTUFJUyBPQlJJR0HDh8OVRVMgRVhJR0lEQVMgUE9SIENPTlRSQVRPIE9VIEFDT1JETy4KCk8gUmVwb3NpdMOzcmlvIEluc3RpdHVjaW9uYWwgZGEgVUZNRyBzZSBjb21wcm9tZXRlIGEgaWRlbnRpZmljYXIgY2xhcmFtZW50ZSBvIHNldSBub21lKHMpIG91IG8ocykgbm9tZXMocykgZG8ocykgZGV0ZW50b3IoZXMpIGRvcyBkaXJlaXRvcyBhdXRvcmFpcyBkYSBwdWJsaWNhw6fDo28sIGUgbsOjbyBmYXLDoSBxdWFscXVlciBhbHRlcmHDp8OjbywgYWzDqW0gZGFxdWVsYXMgY29uY2VkaWRhcyBwb3IgZXN0YSBsaWNlbsOnYS4KRepositório InstitucionalPUBhttps://repositorio.ufmg.br/oaiopendoar:2023-06-30T16:26:12Repositório Institucional da UFMG - Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)false
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