Avaliação da presença de aflatoxinas B1, B2, G1 e G2, e metais pesados em formulações infantis comercializadas no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Reis, Francisco Jose Mendes dos
• Data de Publicação: 2023
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMS
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufms.br/handle/123456789/5712
• topic: Nutrição Infantil; Análise Toxicológica; Segurança Alimentar; Saúde Pública; Análise de Alimentos; Nutrition for Children; Toxicological Analysis; Food Safety; Public Health

Infant formulas are an important source of nutrients for children when breastfeeding is not possible or insufficient to ensure adequate nutritional support. However, mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungi that may be present in various foods, including infant formulas, in addition, they have essential macro- and microelements in their composition for the child's development. Like all foods, infant formulations have thermal properties that depend on temperature and interfere with quality and shelf life. In view of the above, this work aimed to verify the presence of aflatoxins using an Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatograph (Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography - UHPLC or UPLC), as well as to quantify metals and metalloids through inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP OES), and study the thermal properties using thermogravimetric analysis. 87 samples of starting and follow-up infant formulas were analyzed, collected in 21 municipalities in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul from April 2021 to May 2022. According to the results, nine (9) samples showed detectable levels of aflatoxins , being 5 samples of type B2 and 4 samples of type G2. In addition, the following elements were quantified in infant samples: Al, As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, V and Zn. The estimated daily intake values exceeded the Reference Intake Values (RfDs). Furthermore, As and Pb were quantified in several analyzed samples. With the exception of As, some elements pose a significant non-carcinogenic health risk. According to the thermogravimetric results, the degradation behavior of the samples is not the same due to their compositions. The results presented in this work are worrying and demonstrate the importance of continuous monitoring by regulatory authorities on aflatoxins, heavy metals, thermal properties in infant formulas in order to guarantee the quality and preserve the health of infants. Keywords: Aflatoxins; Infant formula; LC-MS/MS; heavy metal and metalloid.