Perfil de susceptibilidade aos antimicrobianos da Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital São Luiz na cidade de Cáceres - MT

• Autor(a) principal: Alvarenga, Sarah Argenti
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Monografias da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://bdm.ufmt.br/handle/1/409
• topic: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::MICROBIOLOGIA; Perfil de sensibilidade; Bactérias; Culturas; Unidade de terapia intensiva.; Sensitivity profile; Bacteria; Cultures; Intensive care unit

The Intensive Care Unit (ICU) is a place that is constantly challenged by infections related to invasive procedures, which result in increased morbidity and mortality, length of hospitalization and costs. Therefore, we verified that in the ICU there is a higher incidence of bacteria that have mechanisms of resistance to the antibiotics commonly used in the treatment of these patients (ANVISA, 2006). The present study aims to study the prevalence of microorganisms identified by cultures and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile by topography of patients from the Adult Intensive Care Unit of the São Luiz Hospital from June 2015 to June 2016. Method: The blood cultures are identified by the apparatus by BACTEC 9050 and for other cultures BD Phoenex is used. The antimicrobial susceptibility test is also performed on this equipment through the minimum inhibitory concentration. During the month of September, 256 cultures were analyzed in the study period, 99 of them had positive results. Positive cultures were separated by Gram staining and topography and antimicrobial susceptibility profile. Results: 256 biological samples were analyzed, of which 99 were positive (38.67%). Urinary infections were more prevalent 62.62% followed by bloodstream infection 22.22% and respiratory tract 10.10%; other cultures represented only 5.05%. Gram negative microorganisms were the most isolated. Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant microorganism (36.36%) in blood cultures, followed by Eschirichia coli (22.72%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (18.18%). Resistance to antibiotics was 25% for oxacillin and 60% for cephalosporins of 3rd and 4th generation. Eschirichia coli was the most isolated microorganism (37.09%), followed by Candida spp (24.19%) and Klebisiela pneumonae (17.74%). The resistance of E.coli and Klebisiela pneumonae was 43.47% and 100% respectively for the 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, both bacteria were sensitive to carbapenems. The tracheal aspirate had Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the most frequent microorganism presenting resistance of 33.33% to cephalosporins of 3rd and 4th generation and resistance of 16.66% to carbapenems. Conclusion: the study demonstrated that Gram negative bacteria are more frequently isolated in the ICU, with E. coli being the microorganism with the highest incidence in urocultures with resistance of 43.47%, the 3rd and 4th generation cephalosporins, Class of antimicrobials still represents an alternative to initial treatment regimen.