Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Laion Loester de Paula Dias
Data de Publicação: 2021
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3481
Resumo: Under corruption scandals and economic crisis during the Rousseff ("left") and Temer ("centerright") governments, Brazil experienced a process of discredit in relation to the political elite so far never seen in the current "democratic" regime. It was in this context that Jair Bolsonaro - right-wing and conservative deputy - located in the “lower clergy” of the parliament (of little national expression) emerged as the favorite in the 2018 presidential elections. Criticizing the PT governments of Lula and Dilma (who governed the country for 14 years) and with controversial speeches about blacks, women and LGBTQI+, Bolsonaro attracted the press spotlight and gained more and more supporters on the web. Given the high engagement, the following problem arose: how was it possible, in a context of formation of “bubbles” on Facebook, for Bolsonaro to gain so much support in different sectors of society? To answer this question, we sought to identify the values that were already present in Brazil and how “bolsonarism” mobilized them in favor of its discourse. The methodology used was the “snowball”, in which, starting from Jair Bolsonaro's page, other correlates were found, forming a network of 26 pages distributed on Facebook. These were classified under the field in which they were situated. Publications above 10 thousand shares were selected, favoring those with high engagement. Through the perspective of the Analysis of Argumentation in Discourse developed by Ruth Amossy, 1,439 arguments were identified with their respective discursive affiliations and doxic elements. The conclusion is that “bolsonarism” was the result of assemblage of values circulating in four distinct fields of action: political, comic, police and religious. Liberal discourses against the “politically correct” of the comic field were mobilized by “bolsonarism” to relativize Jair Bolsonaro's speeches and criticize the left as “authoritarian” and “promoters of censorship”. Arguments against human rights in the police field were managed by “bolsonarism” under fascist discourses. In the religious field, the Christian discourse of “child innocence” was mobilized by “Bolsonarism” to criticize gender and sexuality policies in schools. Likewise, the biblical story of David (“Bolsonaro”) against Goliath (“PT”) inserted the candidate into the (neo)Pentecostal worldview of the battle between “God” and the “Devil”. In the political field and under republican speeches, Bolsonaro led the fight against corruption. This speech reached the police and religious field. All of these values came together through patriotic discourses of “individual sacrifice” for the benefit of the “fatherland” and produced a high level of collective engagement. Being proudly “Brazilian” has become synonymous with being “Christian”, “worker”, “honest” and “civilized”. This may indicate a socio-discursive conformation capable of producing a properly conservative “national identity” in Brazilian satiety.
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spelling Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo FacebookBolsonaroConservadorismoFascismoPatriotismoDiscursoCNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTESBolsonaroConservatismFascismPatriotismSpeechUnder corruption scandals and economic crisis during the Rousseff ("left") and Temer ("centerright") governments, Brazil experienced a process of discredit in relation to the political elite so far never seen in the current "democratic" regime. It was in this context that Jair Bolsonaro - right-wing and conservative deputy - located in the “lower clergy” of the parliament (of little national expression) emerged as the favorite in the 2018 presidential elections. Criticizing the PT governments of Lula and Dilma (who governed the country for 14 years) and with controversial speeches about blacks, women and LGBTQI+, Bolsonaro attracted the press spotlight and gained more and more supporters on the web. Given the high engagement, the following problem arose: how was it possible, in a context of formation of “bubbles” on Facebook, for Bolsonaro to gain so much support in different sectors of society? To answer this question, we sought to identify the values that were already present in Brazil and how “bolsonarism” mobilized them in favor of its discourse. The methodology used was the “snowball”, in which, starting from Jair Bolsonaro's page, other correlates were found, forming a network of 26 pages distributed on Facebook. These were classified under the field in which they were situated. Publications above 10 thousand shares were selected, favoring those with high engagement. Through the perspective of the Analysis of Argumentation in Discourse developed by Ruth Amossy, 1,439 arguments were identified with their respective discursive affiliations and doxic elements. The conclusion is that “bolsonarism” was the result of assemblage of values circulating in four distinct fields of action: political, comic, police and religious. Liberal discourses against the “politically correct” of the comic field were mobilized by “bolsonarism” to relativize Jair Bolsonaro's speeches and criticize the left as “authoritarian” and “promoters of censorship”. Arguments against human rights in the police field were managed by “bolsonarism” under fascist discourses. In the religious field, the Christian discourse of “child innocence” was mobilized by “Bolsonarism” to criticize gender and sexuality policies in schools. Likewise, the biblical story of David (“Bolsonaro”) against Goliath (“PT”) inserted the candidate into the (neo)Pentecostal worldview of the battle between “God” and the “Devil”. In the political field and under republican speeches, Bolsonaro led the fight against corruption. This speech reached the police and religious field. All of these values came together through patriotic discourses of “individual sacrifice” for the benefit of the “fatherland” and produced a high level of collective engagement. Being proudly “Brazilian” has become synonymous with being “Christian”, “worker”, “honest” and “civilized”. This may indicate a socio-discursive conformation capable of producing a properly conservative “national identity” in Brazilian satiety.CNPqSob escândalos de corrupção e crise econômica durante os governos-Dilma (“esquerda”) e Temer (“centro-direita”), o Brasil experimentou um processo de descrédito em relação a elite política até então nunca visto no atual regime “democrático”. Foi diante deste contexto que Jair Bolsonaro - deputado de direita e conservador - situado no “baixo clero” do parlamento (de pouca expressão nacional) despontou como favorito nas eleições presidenciais de 2018. Criticando os governos petistas de Lula e Dilma (que governaram o país por 14 anos) e com falas polêmicas sobre negros, mulheres e LGBTQI+, Bolsonaro atraiu os holofotes da imprensa e ganhou cada vez mais apoiadores na web. Diante do elevado engajamento, levantou-se o seguinte problema: como foi possível, num contexto de formação de “bolhas” no Facebook, Bolsonaro conquistar tanto apoio em diferentes setores da sociedade? Para responder a essa pergunta, buscou-se identificar os valores que já estavam presentes no Brasil e como o “bolsonarismo” os mobilizou em prol de seu discurso. A metodologia empregada foi da “bola de neve”, na qual partindo da página de Jair Bolsonaro, encontrou-se outras correlatas, conformando uma rede de 26 páginas distribuídas no Facebook. Estas foram classificadas sob o campo em que se situaram. Selecionou-se as publicações acima de 10 mil compartilhamentos, privilegiando estas de elevado engajamento. Pelo marco da Análise da Argumentação no Discurso desenvolvido por Ruth Amossy, identificou-se 1.439 argumentos com suas respectivas filiações discursivas e elementos dóxicos. A conclusão é que o “bolsonarismo” foi fruto de agenciamentos de valores circulantes em quatro campos de ação distintos: político, cômico, policial e religioso. Os discursos liberais contra o “politicamente correto” do campo cômico, foram mobilizados pelo “bolsonarismo” para relativizar falas do Jair Bolsonaro e criticar as esquerdas enquanto “autoritárias” e “promovedoras da censura”. As argumentações contra os Direitos Humanos do campo policial, foram agenciados pelo “bolsonarismo” sob discursos fascistas. No campo religioso, o discurso cristão de “inocência infantil” foi mobilizado pelo “bolsonarismo” para criticar políticas de gênero e sexualidade nas escolas. Igualmente, a história bíblica de Davi (“Bolsonaro”) contra Golias (“PT”) inseriu o candidato na cosmovisão (neo)pentecostal de batalha entre “Deus” e o “Diabo”. No campo político e sob discursos republicanos, Bolsonaro protagonizou a luta anticorrupção. Esse discurso alcançou o campo policial e religioso. Todos esses valores uniram-se por meio de discursos patrióticos de “sacrifício individual” em benefício da “pátria” e produziu elevado engajamento coletivo. Ser orgulhosamente “brasileiro” tornou-se sinônimo de ser “cristão(a)”, “trabalhador(a)”, “honesto(a)” e “civilizado”. Isso pode indicar uma conformação sociodiscursiva capaz de produzir uma “identidade nacional” propriamente conservadora na saciedade brasileira.Universidade Federal de Mato GrossoBrasilFaculdade de Comunicação e Artes (FCA)UFMT CUC - CuiabáPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Estudos de Cultura ContemporâneaJesus, Dánie Marcelo dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5826176151112581Jesus, Dánie Marcelo de545.376.571-20http://lattes.cnpq.br/5826176151112581Rodrigues, Francisco Xavier Freire025.559.414-36http://lattes.cnpq.br/6841932116717903545.376.571-20Maciel, Ruberval Franco638.809.461-91http://lattes.cnpq.br/3940070820451122Gonçalves, Laion Loester de Paula Dias2022-08-29T15:31:33Z2021-08-162022-08-29T15:31:33Z2021-04-19info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisGONÇALVES, Laion Loester de Paula Dias. Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo”: crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook. 2021. 156 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Estudos de Cultura Contemporânea) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Comunicação e Artes, Cuiabá, 2021.http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3481porinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFMTinstname:Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)instacron:UFMT2022-08-30T07:03:01Zoai:localhost:1/3481Repositório InstitucionalPUBhttp://ri.ufmt.br/oai/requestjordanbiblio@gmail.comopendoar:2022-08-30T07:03:01Repositório Institucional da UFMT - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
title Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
spellingShingle Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
Gonçalves, Laion Loester de Paula Dias
Bolsonaro
Conservadorismo
Fascismo
Patriotismo
Discurso
CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES
Bolsonaro
Conservatism
Fascism
Patriotism
Speech
title_short Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
title_full Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
title_fullStr Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
title_full_unstemmed Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
title_sort Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo” : crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook
author Gonçalves, Laion Loester de Paula Dias
author_facet Gonçalves, Laion Loester de Paula Dias
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Jesus, Dánie Marcelo de
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5826176151112581
Jesus, Dánie Marcelo de
545.376.571-20
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5826176151112581
Rodrigues, Francisco Xavier Freire
025.559.414-36
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6841932116717903
545.376.571-20
Maciel, Ruberval Franco
638.809.461-91
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3940070820451122
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Gonçalves, Laion Loester de Paula Dias
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Bolsonaro
Conservadorismo
Fascismo
Patriotismo
Discurso
CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES
Bolsonaro
Conservatism
Fascism
Patriotism
Speech
topic Bolsonaro
Conservadorismo
Fascismo
Patriotismo
Discurso
CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES
Bolsonaro
Conservatism
Fascism
Patriotism
Speech
description Under corruption scandals and economic crisis during the Rousseff ("left") and Temer ("centerright") governments, Brazil experienced a process of discredit in relation to the political elite so far never seen in the current "democratic" regime. It was in this context that Jair Bolsonaro - right-wing and conservative deputy - located in the “lower clergy” of the parliament (of little national expression) emerged as the favorite in the 2018 presidential elections. Criticizing the PT governments of Lula and Dilma (who governed the country for 14 years) and with controversial speeches about blacks, women and LGBTQI+, Bolsonaro attracted the press spotlight and gained more and more supporters on the web. Given the high engagement, the following problem arose: how was it possible, in a context of formation of “bubbles” on Facebook, for Bolsonaro to gain so much support in different sectors of society? To answer this question, we sought to identify the values that were already present in Brazil and how “bolsonarism” mobilized them in favor of its discourse. The methodology used was the “snowball”, in which, starting from Jair Bolsonaro's page, other correlates were found, forming a network of 26 pages distributed on Facebook. These were classified under the field in which they were situated. Publications above 10 thousand shares were selected, favoring those with high engagement. Through the perspective of the Analysis of Argumentation in Discourse developed by Ruth Amossy, 1,439 arguments were identified with their respective discursive affiliations and doxic elements. The conclusion is that “bolsonarism” was the result of assemblage of values circulating in four distinct fields of action: political, comic, police and religious. Liberal discourses against the “politically correct” of the comic field were mobilized by “bolsonarism” to relativize Jair Bolsonaro's speeches and criticize the left as “authoritarian” and “promoters of censorship”. Arguments against human rights in the police field were managed by “bolsonarism” under fascist discourses. In the religious field, the Christian discourse of “child innocence” was mobilized by “Bolsonarism” to criticize gender and sexuality policies in schools. Likewise, the biblical story of David (“Bolsonaro”) against Goliath (“PT”) inserted the candidate into the (neo)Pentecostal worldview of the battle between “God” and the “Devil”. In the political field and under republican speeches, Bolsonaro led the fight against corruption. This speech reached the police and religious field. All of these values came together through patriotic discourses of “individual sacrifice” for the benefit of the “fatherland” and produced a high level of collective engagement. Being proudly “Brazilian” has become synonymous with being “Christian”, “worker”, “honest” and “civilized”. This may indicate a socio-discursive conformation capable of producing a properly conservative “national identity” in Brazilian satiety.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021-08-16
2021-04-19
2022-08-29T15:31:33Z
2022-08-29T15:31:33Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv GONÇALVES, Laion Loester de Paula Dias. Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo”: crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook. 2021. 156 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Estudos de Cultura Contemporânea) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Comunicação e Artes, Cuiabá, 2021.
http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3481
identifier_str_mv GONÇALVES, Laion Loester de Paula Dias. Das condições discursivas do “bolsonarismo”: crise social, econômica e política na formação de uma brasilidade conservadora no século XXI pelo Facebook. 2021. 156 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Estudos de Cultura Contemporânea) - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Faculdade de Comunicação e Artes, Cuiabá, 2021.
url http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3481
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Brasil
Faculdade de Comunicação e Artes (FCA)
UFMT CUC - Cuiabá
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos de Cultura Contemporânea
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso
Brasil
Faculdade de Comunicação e Artes (FCA)
UFMT CUC - Cuiabá
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Estudos de Cultura Contemporânea
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