Distribuição espacial e temporal dos acidentes de trânsito em Cuiabá (MT) no período 2010 a 2016

• Autor(a) principal: Salazar, Marcelo Miguel Zuniga
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/1410
• topic: Acidentes de trânsito; Geoestatística; SIG; Kernel; Moran; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA; Traffic accidents; Geostatistics; GIS; Kernel; Moran

Traffic Accidents (TA) cause approximately 1.24 million deaths per year worldwide (WHO 2013), and the number of serious victims ranges from 20 to 50 million. In Brazil, according to data from the Health Surveillance Secretariat of the Ministry of Health, 38,651 traffic accidents were recorded in 2015. Of this total, 31,829 (82.35%) were male and 6,806 were women (17 , 61%) were female. The data of the map of the violence of the Brazilian municipalities presents the four states with the highest rates of traffic accidents per 100,000 inhabitants during 2015: Tocantins with 37.2, Piauí with 36.68, Mato Grosso with 33.2 and Roraima 32, 8. The use of Geographic Information Systems can contribute to the implementation of local road safety strategies, based on the recognition of the occurrence pattern and its relation with the urban geographic space. The general objective is to diagnose spatial patterns of traffic accidents occurring in the urban area of Cuiabá - Mato Grosso, in the period 2010 and 2016. Apply geoprocessing techniques using the georeferenced database of the traffic accident registry. We used the ArcGis 10.3 software with the geostatistics module and spatial analysis techniques such as the G index and the Moran Global index. The synthesis capacity and the cartographic visualization of these indicators made it possible to visualize the AT dynamics in the urban environment, from the centrality zones and the peripheral areas, evidencing the paradox that our cities currently live, considering that the occasional decrease of violence in certain regions and the increase in occurrences in other areas is related to the absence of State equipment or due to cyclical issues. The study revealed that in 2010, in Cuiabá the occurrences by traffic accidents according to the data of the Department of Urban Mobility were 5,820 with an estimated population follow the IBGE of 551,098 hab. For year 2013 there is a trend of higher TA growth in 2013 with 8,155 occurrences, with an annual percentage difference that increased by 27.75% with respect to 2012, to 2016 total TA in Cuiabá to 6,500. In 2013, the largest traffic accident records were submitted according to data provided by the Mobility Department, with a total of 376 TA without a victim, 356 TA with a victim, mainly due to the work that was done for the World Cup in 2014. In addition, the comparison of total traffic accidents per study period, day and hour of the week of occurrence: Friday there is a total record of 3,284, for Saturday 3,947 and for Sunday 3,406. The hourly analysis determined that the accidents occurred during peak traffic hours: 7am to 1,512, from 1:00 p.m. to 1,166 p.m. and 6:00 p.m. with 1707 total records. With the geostatistical methodology of Moran, clusters were identified that were presented for a period of time. In this way, there were identified sectors in the city where traffic accidents occur with greater regularity, these places are: Center (Setor Praça Ipiranga), Morada da Serra (Entrance Av Brasil), Victoria Garden (Exit Chapada dos Guimarães), Industrial District and Colonia San Gonçalo (JBS Factory Sector). Thus, it was determined that the point located in Jardim Vitória had Clusters in all the years of study in the different time periods, that according to the records of occurrences an accident occurred every 3.1 days in 2010 and in 2016 reached an accident every 3.5 days.