Modelagem da qualidade das águas utilizando o modelo QUAL2Kw : estudo de caso na bacia hidrográfica Rio Vermelho, MT

• Autor(a) principal: Hergenräder, Jéssica Angélica
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/3792
• topic: Modelagem matemática; Parâmetros de qualidade de água; Simulação de cenários; QUAL2kw; Calibração; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS; Mathematical modeling; Water quality parameters; Scenario simulation; QUAL2kw; Calibration

In-stream water quality models can be useful in the decision-making process for watershed management, as they allow representing real situations and simulating responses to various strategies, making it possible to predict, for example, the capacity of the river to receive effluents. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the self-purification capacity of the Vermelho River through the ecological approach of the QUAL2kw mathematical model, considering the contributions of the tributaries and the water and sewage treatment station of Rondonópolis, always considering the limits established by the CONAMA Resolution 357/05 for class rivers 2. For this, the behavior of the Dissolved Oxygen and Biochemical Oxygen Demand variables was evaluated by simulating of three scenarios: (i) maximum selfpurification capacity of the Vermelho River, through a gradual increase in the effluent discharge flow; (ii) untreated polluting load flow from the largest lift station in the sanitary sewage system in the city of Rondonópolis; (iii) increased water captation and as consequence of the release of effluents based on the municipality's population growth until 2036. The historical data on water quality made available by the ANA and Sema monitoring sites, as well as the monitoring campaign, made it possible to have the data needed to implement the model and implement its calibration and validation. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the QUAL2Kw model presented as an adequate tool for the simulation of the different scenarios proposed in this paper for the stretch of the Vermelho River analyzed. Scenario 2, the most critical, shows the great impact on water quality at the launching point, which continues over several kilometers, reaching the indigenous village Tereza Cristina, which is located after the end of the studied stretch, which raises great concern, as the indigenous population is extremely dependent on water from the river that passes through their village. In general, it can be said that the results obtained in this paper represent a baseline in terms of water quality modeling for the Vermelho River, since there is no previous modeling experience in this region. Finally, the QUAL2kw water quality model implemented in the Vermelho River can be further adjusted based on others monitoring campaigns to consolidate itself as a reliable and effective tool for management and environmental agencies.