Qualidade fisiológica das sementes, desenvolvimento e produtividade do óleo essencial de Piper aduncum L. de diferentes procedências e épocas de corte

• Autor(a) principal: Piton, Ludmila Porto
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/5342
• topic: Pimenta-de-macaco; Temperatura; Armazenamento; Locais de coleta; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA; Pimenta-de-macaco; Temperature; Storage; Collection sites

- In addition to the purpose of generating information that can be aggregated in future collections of P. aduncum seeds, this work aimed to verify the influence of temperature, storage and packaging on seed germination and to evaluate plant development and essential oil productivity. In two cutting seasons, due to the collection of seeds in seven provenances. To verify the temperature at the germination of seeds from different origins, the experimental design was completely randomized in a 7x5 factorial scheme, that is, seven provenances (Cuiabá/MT, Rio Verde/GO, Chapada dos Guimarães/MT, Tangará da Serra/MT, Anápolis/GO, Barra do Garças/MT and Barra do Bugres/MT) and five temperatures (20-30, 20, 25, 30 and 35 °C). To evaluate the packaging and storage conditions in the germination of P. aduncum seeds, seeds from Anápolis/GO were used and the experimental design was completely randomized, in a 4x3x5 factorial scheme, with four packages (glass, paper, plastic and aluminum), three environments (refrigerator, refrigerated chamber and laboratory) and five storage periods (0, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months). In both experiments, the parameters evaluated were: water content; percentage, average time and germination speed index; percentage and average time of formation of normal seedlings. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and compared using the Tukey test (p<0.05). For analysis of plant development, the experimental design was completely randomized, in a 7x5 factorial scheme; seven provenances and five evaluation periods. The evaluation parameters were: height, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh and dry mass of shoot and root, root length; and chlorophyll content “a”, “b” and total. At 12 and 20 months, the plants were cut in order to obtain the essential oil content. In both assays, the data were submitted to analysis of variance and compared using the Scott-Knott test (p<0.05). P. aduncum seeds from Anápolis/GO and Rio Verde/GO showed higher germination percentages at all temperatures tested. Seeds of P. aduncum, regardless of the place of collection, showed higher percentage, germination speed index and percentage of normal seedling formation at temperatures of 25 and 30 °C. Seeds from all provenances showed low germination at 35 °C. Seeds stored in a refrigerator and placed in a glass package showed better results. Regarding the development up to 20 months due to the interaction between the cutting times and the origins, it was found that plants originated from seeds from Anápolis/GO and Cuiabá/MT, showed better development, as well as higher oil yield essential when cutting at 12 and 20 months. It is concluded that P. aduncum seeds from Anápolis/GO and Rio Verde/GO have a higher percentage of germination at temperatures of 25 and 30 °C and do not tolerate temperatures above 35 °C. The storage of seeds in glass packaging in the refrigerator, maintains viability for 12 months. Seeds from different origins affect the development of P. aduncum plants. Plants from Anápolis/GO seeds produced a greater amount of essential oil in the leaves.