A etnobotânica e as unidades de paisagem na comunidade Água Fria, Chapada dos Guimarães, MT, Brasil

• Autor(a) principal: Sánchez, Diana Carolina Martínez
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/721
• topic: Quintais agroflorestais; Cerrado matogrossense; Etnocategorias de uso; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL; Homegardens; Cerrado matogrossense; Ethnocategories of use

The natural resources from Cerrado offer products of high economic value to the traditional communities for their subsistence. These resources are domesticated and managed based on the wealth of empirical knowledge transmitted across generations, hence the practices are important for the conservation of biological diversity. Ethnobotany is an indicator of knowledge about how communities interact with plant species of high sociocultural value and how these plants are used and classified. The objective of this research was to promote the recovery of knowledge of the habitants of the Agua Fria community, Chapada dos Guimarães-MT, about plant species in different landscape units emphasizing the use of these plant resources and the dynamic in human - plant interaction. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected by means of semi -structured interviews with 55 informants in the period from April to November of 2012. Identification on 281 species were made belonging to 87 botanical families, these plants were classified into five ethnocategories of use (Food, Medicinal, Ornamental, Seasoning and Other Uses). Highlighting the categories Food (53,14%) and Medical (42,70%). These species are used and managed in different ecological environments of extraction and cultivation as homegardens, slash-and-burn agriculture and gallery forests. Concerning the origin of species, 50,17% are exotic and 49,82% are native, with herbaceous habit predominance (41,63%). Regarding the Use Value, 64,72% have VUsp=1.0 and 6,10% of species have VUsp=2. Species as Plathymenia foliolosa Benth, Solanum gomphodes Dunal, Lafoensia glyptocarpa Koehne, Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC, Plathymenia foliolosa Benth, Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.)Morong, Eucalyptus spp, Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng and Salvia officinalis L were outstanding in the present study. A statistical correlation was observed between the variables: (i) Age of informants and knowledge about the species, (ii) Gender of informants and knowledge about the species, (iii) size of the homegardens and species diversity and (iv) Age of the homegardens and species diversity. Ethnobotanical studies contribute significantly to the preservation of the knowledge in Água Fria community, since the population still lives in a dynamic, adaptive and sustainable manner with the natural resources. It is imperative that supplementary to research, the implementation of projects in order to encourage traditional practices and the use of native resources and the preservation of local knowledge of communities and species of the Cerrado.