Resíduo de feijão na suplementação de vacas leiteiras sob pastejo

• Autor(a) principal: Fonseca, Angela Aparecida da
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFMT
• Texto Completo: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/218
• topic: Pasto; Phaseolus vulgaris L; Subproduto; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA; Pasture; Phaseolus vulgaris L; Byproduct

The objective was to evaluate the productive performance and blood parameters, intake, apparent total tract digestibility and feeding behavior of crossbred cows submitted to grazing and supplemented with 13.4; 24.0; 34.8; and 44.9% bean residue in the concentrate supplementation. The experiment, which lasted 84 days, was conducted at the Experimental Farm Risoleta Neves, in São João del Rei, Minas Gerais. 8 crossbred cows were used, with average weight of 500 kg, distributed in two 4 × 4 Latin squares. Each experimental period lasted 21 days, the first 15 days for adaptation of animals and the last 6 days for data collection. The animals were conducted in grazing method with intermittent stocking and fixed stocking rate. Food supplementation was provided in the morning and afternoon, at 6:00 and 16:00, respectively. The data were submitted to regression analysis at 5% significance. The corrected milk (3.5% fat) or not, and milk composition, when expressed in kg/day showed a negative linear behavior as a function of bean residue levels. The milk components expressed in percentage, variation of weight and body condition scores were not affected by beans residue levels in concentrated feed. Among blood parameters (glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine, urea, and gamma-glutamyltransferase enzyme) analyzed observed that independent the collection time, inasmuch increased the residue levels beans there was greater or smaller concentration some metabolic the bloodstream mainly triglycerides. The intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), total carbohydrates (TC) and non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC) supplementation had no significant effect (P>0.05) with the addition of bean residue, with average values of 3.54; 3.34; 0.49; 2.78 and 2.08 kg/day, respectively. Intake of ether extract (EE) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) linearly decreased (P<0.05), reducing 0.0066 and 0.0001 percentage units for each 1% inclusion of bean residue, respectively. For DM intake, OM, CP, EE and NDF pasture was observed decreased linearly (P<0.05), reducing 0.1658; 0.1610; 0.0160; 0.0023 and 0.1237 percentage units for each 1% inclusion of bean residue, respectively. There was negative linear effect (P<0.05) for the intake of DM, OM, CP and NDF of sugar cane, reducing 0.0714; 0.0690 0.0031 0.0346 units and percentage for each 1% inclusion of bean residue. Total intake of DM, OM, CP, and NDF diet decreased (P <0.05), reducing 0.2340; 0.2231; 0.0129; 0.0092 and 0.1387 percentage units for each 1% of bean residue include, respectively. The apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF, EE, were not changed (P>0.05) with the bean residue inclusion in concentrated feed. The apparent digestibility of CT showed linear increase (P<0.05), an increase of 0.0806 percentage units for each 1% of bean residue inclusion. Grazing in the daytime and nighttime, leisure and rumination during the day, showed no significant effect (P>0.05) between the levels of inclusion of bean residue, and the average daily levels of 3.84; 2.47; 2.34; 1.65 hours, respectively. The time grazing, rumination and total idle (hours/day), the number of cakes ruminated a day and time for chewing cake ruminated a day, as well as the number of chews for hours a day, showed no significant effect (P>0.05) with the inclusion levels. However, the intake efficiency of DM and NDF, and rumination efficiency of the DM and NDF, showed decreasing linear effect, and observed a decrease of 0.0391; 0.0234; 0.0397 and 0.0235 percentage units for each 1% addition of bean residue, respectively. It is recommended 13% bean residue inclusion in the concentrate supplementation of crossbred cows to pasture.