PREVALÊNCIA DE SÍNDROME METABÓLICA EM MILITARES DE UNIDADES DO EXÉRCITO BRASILEIRO NA GUARNIÇÃO DE SANTA MARIA RS

• Autor(a) principal: Fraga, Alessandra Soares Ayres
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional Universidade Franciscana
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/948
• topic: Aptidão Física; Estado Nutricional; Militares; Obesidade; Síndrome Metabólica, Sobrepeso.; Physical Fitness; Nutritional status; Military; Obesity; Metabolic Syndrome, Overweight.; Ciências da Saúde e da Vida

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) gains dimension as one of the main challenges of clinical practice in the century. The presence of the components of MS has a very significant negative impact, both on health and on the general quality of life of the population. The military, despite the mandatory requirements for physical fitness and readiness, are not immune to the consequences of being overweight, cardiovascular risk factors and predictors of MS. It is noteworthy that, despite the research carried out, few data refer to the military population. Objective: To identify the prevalence and risk factors related to Metabolic Syndrome in Military Personnel from Units of the Brazilian Army in the guarnition of Santa Maria RS. Methodology: Cross sectional study, comprising 224 military personnel, carried out from July to November 2019 in Military Organizations of the Brazilian Army, based in the city of Santa Maria RS. Data collection was carried out by means of a sociodemographic questionnaire, anthropometric assessment (weight, height, waist circumference), blood pressure measurement and analysis of electronic medical records for data collection of biochemical tests. MS was classified according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III). Statistical analysis included the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Pearson's Chi square and Fischer's Exact tests, Student's t test or Mann Whitney test and the Poisson regression model. The analyzes were conducted using SPSS for Windows version 21.0, with a 95% confidence level and p <0.05 considered significant. Results: The average age of the participants was 35.7 ± 8.8 years and the prevalence of MS was 16.1%, where the syndromic individuals were older and had a longer military career (P <0.001). With regard to anthropometric assessment, military personnel with MS had higher weight and BMI, being more frequently classified as obese (P <0.001). The clinical parameters of participants with MS showed higher averages of DBP (P = 0.046), SBP (P = 0.011), waist circumference, blood glucose and triglycerides and lower HDL c (P <0.001). High blood pressure was the most frequent diagnosis criterion for MS among the five components. Syndromic individuals did not practice physical activity more frequently (P = 0.018) and those who practiced, declared to exercise, on average, fewer days of the week, in relation to military personnel without MS (P = 0.007). Conclusion: Based on the finding of prevalence data and the frequency of risk factors related to MS in military personnel of the Brazilian Army, the study reveals the need for precautionary measures in the institution so that the indicated indices do not henceforth converge for general population indicators. The results of the study lead us to infer that the condition of overweight or obesity presents itself as a strong indicator of the physiological changes that mark MS and that hypothetically active professional categories are also subject to being affected by excess weight. Finally, additional studies are recommended in different regions of the country, as well as in other armed forces, in order to provide a more robust scientific basis for other research related to the health of the military professional.