CULTIVO DE MICROALGAS DO TIPO Chlorella homosphaera, EXTRAÇÃO DE ÓLEO, PREPARO DE NANOCÁPSULA E AVALIAÇÃO DE BIOCOMPATIBILIDADE IN VITRO

• Autor(a) principal: Fonseca, Elisandra da Silva Pena da
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional Universidade Franciscana
• Texto Completo: http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/1000
• topic: bioativos, vitamina E, nanotecnologia, nanocápsulas; bioactives, vitamin E, nanotechnology, nanocapsules.; Nanociências

Microalgae are eucariote and single-celled microorganisms of simple, colonial structure, which perform photosynthesis and need, for their growth and reproduction, light, water, carbon dioxide and inorganic nutrients. They are found in different aquatic environments, with ease of cultivation and rapid growth, making it advantageous to grow these organisms. They arouse interest in several commercial areas, such as biofuel, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, due to a biomass rich in bioactive substances, such as pigments, lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, proteins and vitamins. These compounds are valuable for areas that use alternative cultivation with microalgae for various purposes, since these microorganisms aim at the green and sustainable appeal, which the most diverse industries have been seeking in the development of their products. Among the microalgae that stand out for these purposes, we find the microalgae of the genus Chlorella, which stands out with several applications, due to the rich chemical matrix of its oil containing valuable bioactives, mainly with health benefits, when used in cosmetic formulations. Based on this assumption, this study aimed to produce, characterize, and evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of nanocapsules containing the oil extracted from chlorella homosphaera microalgae, with the addition of vitamin E. Microalgae cultivation was carried out according to appropriate parameters and conditions, using BG-11 medium, after, drying in a greenhouse, to obtain dry biomass. Subsequently, oil extraction was performed using the Soxhlet method, using the mixture of chloroform: methanol solvents (ratio 2:1). The composition of this oil was defined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). Then, nanocapsules containing oil and vitamin E were produced by the nanoprecipitation method of the preformed polymer. The nanocapsules the were characterized how much as the physical-chemical properties: mean diameter, PDI, zeta potential and pH, later, they were submitted under different climatic conditions to assess stability for 90 days In vitro tests and hemocompatibility with nanocapsules were performed. Finally, an in silico study was carried out to verify by molecular docking the affinity of some of the bioactive compounds found in microalgae oil with proteins linked to inflammatory and apoptotic processes. The results found in the characterization of the oil were mainly the acids: palmitic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, EPA and DHA. The characterization of the nanocapsules was shown to be values as described in the literature for the type of nanostructure produced, such as mean particle diameter between 194.5 and 221.8 nm, PDI between 0.11 and 0.21, zeta potential between -13.9 and -14.7 mV and pH between 5.6 and 7.1. In the stability study, the nanocapsules remained stable and viable for 90 days in all parameters evaluated, when stored at refrigeration temperature. The results of the in vitro tests show that the nanocapsules were not cytotoxic and did not present DNA damage, as well as the results of hemocompatibility tests, which did not detect interference in the blood clotting pathways. The in silico study confirmed that there is affinity of the compounds found in oil extracted with proteins linked to the mechanisms of inflammation and apoptotic.It is concluded that the nanocapsules produced are stable and viable for 90 days in refrigeration and possibly have beneficial properties with potential use for cosmetic formulation of topical use, since they fit the standards for this purpose.