The Philosophy of History in Oliveira Martins: an itinerary from the first dialectical perspectives to a subsequent valorization of the unconscious

• Autor(a) principal: Laranjeira Gonçalves, Bruno Filipe
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: História da Historiografia
• Texto Completo: https://www.historiadahistoriografia.com.br/revista/article/view/1482
• topic: Theory of history; History of concepts; Cultural history; Teoria da história; História dos conceitos; História cultural; Teoría de la historia; Historia de los conceptos; Historia cultural

In the writings of Oliveira Martins − one of the greatest Portuguese historical thinkers of the 19th century − the philosophy of history is a frequent topic. Methodologically close to the perspectives of history of culture and intellectual movements, this study addresses the intertwining redefinitions of the philosophy of history concept in Martins’ thinking. After an introduction with biographical remarks on him and with the problematic of the philosophy of history, this article goes through his first writings on socialism, followed by a controversy around the characterization of the Middle Ages. These early theories considerably embed Hegelian dialectical views. However, his political activity and renewed readings give way to new conceptions, valuing the role of the unconscious in the historical process. These transformations pave the way for a later systematization work. The scope of these writings introduced a dialectical perspective and accounted for the unconscious in the Portuguese historiography and in the theory of history.