Gestão ambiental, indicadores e políticas públicas: do contexto brasileiro a uma abordagem no estado da Paraíba

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Thiago Araújo da
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/26692
• topic: Desenvolvimento sustentável; Áreas protegidas - Patrimônio natural; Gestão ambiental - Indicadores; Políticas públicas ambientais; Sustainable development; Protected Areas - Natural patrimony; Environmental management - Indicators; Environmental public policies; Desarrollo sustentable; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ECOLOGIA

Sustainable development reveals itself as an alternative capable of attending the demands of ecosystem conservation and species protection. The creation of Protected Areas (APs) represents advances in guaranteeing the integrity of the natural heritage, now understood as necessary for the future of world biodiversity. According to these statements, the management of APs becomes a key point in the ranking of priorities by countries as they are unable to reconcile, in several cases, the different existing conflicts, the disinvestment to which they are submitted and the absence of projects to develop them. Brazil plays a prominent role in the global agenda for sustainable development, as well as in the management of APs, and it is advisable to think about strategies for fulfilling global agreements, locally and nationally. The present research sought to relate, in three scientific articles, interconnected approaches on the themes of environmental management, institutional indicators and environmental public policies. The central research hypothesis was supported by the fact that the analysis of institutional indicators may facilitate the decision-making process of governments and contribute to the formulation of public environmental policies. To delimit the production of the manuscripts, information from Brazilian national environmental agencies and data from the Superintendence for the Administration of the Environment (Sudema), the agency responsible for the management of State Parks (PEs) in Paraíba. The first article analyzed the scope of public environmental policies in Brazil from four groups of federal government indicators. The second one detailed aspects of the environmental superintendence of the state of Paraíba, through the evaluation of indicators. The third article discussed the environment public policies, according to the perception of the environment municipal managers where the PEs are located. Over a decade, weaknesses in the national environmental agenda, setbacks in the management of state parks in Paraíba and disarticulation of environmental public policies at both levels were evident. The advances achieved by Sudema were recognized, although they are presented in an incipient way when analyzed together with other information available in the research. The authors concluded that, at the national level, the obstacles appeared in the political decision-making position of the last two federal governments, in the depletion of human resources in public bodies and in the disinvestment for inspection actions. At the state level, although the tendency was for variables growth over the decade, this did not directly result in an improvement in the environmental management of the PEs. As an alternative, the authors point out the need to open the dialogue about public-private partnerships and the formation of consortia for the state of Paraíba, situation in which currently are some of the Brazilian National Parks.