O mercado de trabalho e seus efeitos sobre a saúde dos trabalhadores brasileiros

• Autor(a) principal: Torres, Marina Monteiro
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21157
• topic: Obesidade; Hábitos alimentares; Atividades físicas ocupacionais; Obesity; Eating habits; Occupational physical activities; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

This Doctoral Thesis consists of three essays on labor economics and health economics. The research sought to innovate by addressing factors pertinent to workers’ health and fundamental to good performance in the labor market, especially highlighting the role of the occupational situation, as well as intense occupational physical activities in the development of spinal diseases. In the first essay, it was investigated how variables associated with the job market correlate with the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Waist Circumference (WC) of young adults in Brazil. Through the Quantile Regression method by resampling bootstrap and data from the National Health Survey (PNS, 2013), the results showed that the expressive increase in working hours, represented by the square of hours worked, positively influenced the BMI and the CA of individuals. The study warns that changes in hours worked must be conducted with caution by policy makers in order to preserve the quality of life of workers and their productivity. In the second essay, the impact of the occupational situation on the frequency of consumption, on weekdays, of certain types of food was analyzed. Through the method of pairing by propensity score and PNS data (2013), the evidence showed that: i) the impact of the occupation situation on the consumption of processed foods, such as soft drinks, or foods rich in saturated fats, such as red meat, was greater than the impact on the consumption of other types of nutritionally recommended foods, such as salads or fruits; ii) employed individuals are more likely to replace meals, such as lunch and dinner, with snacks, such as pizza, when compared to unemployed individuals. Thus, although individuals who are employed have a higher income, the shortage of workers’ time forces individuals to consume nutritionally poor, easily accessible and low-cost food. Finally, in the third essay, we sought to identify how heavy Occupational Physical Activities (AFO) reflect the chance of diagnosing spinal diseases, using the Cox Proportional Risk model and the probit model. For that, PNS data (2013) were used. The results suggest that those who exert intense physical effort in the work environment have a higher risk of developing spinal problems, both in the Cox model (OR = 1.4) and in the textit probit model (OR = 1.2). In the three essays, the estimates were performed with the proper incorporation of the sample design due to the sampling characteristics of the PNS (2013). In summary, this Doctoral Thesis indicates that the expressive increase in hours worked positively influences the weight of individuals, as well as the fact that they are busy have been accompanied by worsening food, with the replacement of meals with caloric foods. Finally, the Thesis also warns of the dangers of heavy occupational activities on the risk of spinal diseases.