Cuidados paliativos: estudo com enfermeiros e pacientes à luz da teoria do final de vida pacífico

• Autor(a) principal: Zaccara, Ana Aline Lacet
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19289
• topic: Enfermagem; Cuidados paliativos; Doente terminal; Teoria de enfermagem; Nursing; Palliative care; Terminally I11; Nursing theory; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM

The end of life can be one of the most difficult period for patients and their families. To meet the needs of patients with life threatening or terminal illness, Palliative Care is fundamental. This thesis was constituted by three studies in article modality. A theoretical and reflexive article had as objective, to evaluate the Theory of the Peaceful End of Life, following a frame of evaluation of nursing theories. The study highlighted the applicability of the theory in the nurses' work focused on the care of terminally ill individuals and their families. The two original articles had as objectives: to analyze strategies adopted by nurses when caring for patients under palliative care based on the Theory of the Peaceful End of Life; investigate the key needs of a terminally ill patient under Palliative Care to achieve a peaceful end to life. Methodology: this is a qualitative field research that includes as a research scenario a reference hospital in long-term care, located in the city of João Pessoa - PB. Fifteen nurses and fifteen patients in the terminal stage under Palliative Care participated in the study. For the data collection, the interview technique was used, based on a script containing questions pertinent to the objectives proposed for the investigation. The collection occurred between October 2018 and February 2019 and only started after approval of the research protocol by a Research Ethics Committee, with number 2.553.408. The empirical material was categorized using the Bardin content analysis technique and analyzed in light of the Theory of the Peaceful End of Life. Results: from the data collected, the following studies emerged: (1) Palliative Care in Terminality: nursing strategies for a peaceful end of life. (2) Terminal Patient in Palliative Care: a study in light of the Theory of the Peaceful End of Life. The first manuscript allowed to apprehend the main strategies used by nurses, aimed at contributing to an end to a peaceful life. Among the strategies are spirituality, attending to the patient's last wishes and solving difficult situations, music and interaction through conversations and orientations. In the second study, participants' discourses reveal that effective communication, stimulation of patient movement, and respect for food desires contribute to peace and comfort, reduce pain, and allow for the experience of dignity and respect. In addition, the reports show that distancing the family impairs a peaceful end of life. Conclusion: The Theory of the Peaceful End of Life can assist in the promotion of effective care for the terminally ill patient, as well as guiding the strategies that will guide the professionals who work at the bedside to promote peace, not only focusing on imminence of dying, but contributing to a significant life in time that remains to patients. The use of the theory allowed a better understanding of the nuances that involve nursing care for terminal patients and their families.