Qualidade fisiológica e anatomia do tegumento de sementes de Erythrina velutina Willd. de diferentes procedências.

• Autor(a) principal: Bezerra, Ana Carolina
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15671
• topic: Mulungu; Planta medicinal; Biometria; Dormência; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

Erythrina velutina Willd. (Fabaceae), is a native Caatinga species and has its establishment hampered by the occurrence of integument dormancy in the seeds. Thus, as the main form of propagation is sexually, which makes it essential to know the physical, physiological and anatomical aspects of its seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of environmental variation in different regions of Paraíba on the biometry, germination and anatomy of the seed coat of E. velutina. The seeds were collected in 19 parent plants located in 10 municipalities of Paraíba: Juru, Sumé, Araçagi, Guarabira, São João do Cariri, Esperança, Queimadas, Cuité, Boa Vista and Areia. To determine the physical quality, the water content, weight of one thousand seeds and the biometric characteristics were analyzed: length, width and thickness. In the evaluation of the physiological quality the following variables were analyzed: emergency percentage, first emergency count, emergency speed index, length and dry mass of shoot and seedling roots. For the anatomy of the integument, the description of the integument was performed and the following variables were analyzed: tegument thickness, tracheoid bar length and width, all in a completely randomized experimental design. In the biometric characteristics of E. velutina seeds, a range of variation occurs, with the highest mean length, width and thickness in the seeds of the mother plant 14 (Cuité). In relation to the physiological quality, a significant difference was observed in all analyzed variables, both for intact and scarified seeds, with emphasis on the intact seeds of the mother plants 5 (São João do Cariri), 14 (Cuité), 16 (Boa Vista) and 19 (Sand), which were the most vigorous, as well as for the scarified seeds of the matrix plants 4 (Guarabira) and 10 (Burned). The integument of E. velutina seeds, in cross-section, is formed by waxy cuticle, epidermis, hypodermis and a layer of parenchyma cells, in which the epidermis is composed of a layer of macroesclereids. The hypodermis consists of a layer of cells called osteosclereids and soon after the layer of osteosclereids the integument has a parenchyma layer 10-12 cells. The thread region consists of a funiculus, a double layer of palisade (against palisade) macrosclerosis, a lucid line, a layer of osteo-sclereids, a tracheoid bar and two layers of parenchyma. The raphe region is composed of a layer of macroesclereids, with the same pattern of tegument and thread, filling parenchyma with cells of varied shapes, with accumulation of phenolic compounds in the median cells of the parenchyma and vascular bundle. The seeds of the different matrix plants and localities have integument dormancy and the vigor of the intact seeds varies among the parent plants. Regarding anatomy, localities influence the shape and size of tracheoid rods, however, they do not influence the establishment of seed dormancy.