Estudo do aproveitamento da vinhaça como meio de cultivo de microalgas para produção energética a partir da biomassa

• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Laura Costa dos Anjos
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23398
• topic: Biomassa algal; Sustentabilidade; Vinhaça; Algal biomass; Sustainability; Vinasse; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS

The potential for using waste as an alternative source for the composition of microalgae culture media is vast and diversified, ranging from agro-industrial effluents to waste from biofuel production. The technical and economic benefits vary according to the source of the waste and tend to be an ecologically sustainable option. Considering that Brazil is an important producer of sugarcane, the sugar and alcohol industry must always seek better efficiency. An opportunity for improvement is in the application of vinasse for other purposes, such as the production of an alternative medium for cultivating microalgae. The challenges for this use are present in minimizing the toxic characteristic, color intensity and turbidity that can reduce photosynthesis and, consequently, the production of microalgae biomass. To make its application in biotechnology with microalgae viable, several low-cost processes and materials were tested and used in order to improve the color and reduce the toxicity of this effluent, among them the powder of the shellfish Anomalocardia brasiliana and the organic coagulant TANFLOC SL. In this work, he tested these two materials in the treatment of vinasse in order to make their application technically and economically feasible for the production of microalgae biomass, in the generation of a culture medium with turbidity, pH and concentration of nutrients for selected species. The shellfish powder was prepared and added to the vinasse samples along with the coagulant TANFLOC SL. Then, the samples were filtered and the pH and turbidity were measured. The highest pH values and the lowest turbidity values were obtained for aliquots whose amount of shellfish powder was lower (0.5g), TANFLOC SL higher (0.3g). After vinasse treatment, several strains of microalgae were inoculated with dilution of 20%, 30% and 40% vinasse in a period of fifteen days, with only strains (Chlorella sp), (Selenastrum graciles), (Clorococcum sp) and (Coelastrum microporum) showed growth when grown in vinasse obtaining significant results in cell growth and biomass production. Cultivation development was monitored by cell counting and in vivo fluorescence measurements. For the cultivation of microalgae, the results showed that the dilution of 20% and 30% stillage are more efficient. The energetic viability was determined through the biochemical analysis of the biomass. The results showed that all species proved to be viable for the energy objective in terms of lipids and carbohydrates and also showed with the reduction of BOD 77.6%, COD 90% excellent results in the effluent bioremediation.