Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23110 |
Resumo: | Wood is the main dietary item of most termites, but supplementation through assimilation of some nutrients may occur from ingestion of other food resources available in the ecosystem, such as lichens. This study evaluated the effect of the nutritional and chemical composition of lichens on the consumption by C. cyphergaster, besides verifying the dispersal potential of lichen symbionts by these termites. Studies were carried out at RPPN Fazenda Almas, PB, where the foraging of fifteen colonies was monitored for fifteen days by identifying the lichens consumed. Food preference testing and consumption estimates were conducted in the laboratory. The content of N, C, P and secondary compounds were measured. Termites kept in bioassays under a diet exclusive of lichens were dissected for analysis of their food content, and the presence of viable lichen structures for dispersion was verified through staining tests. Fourteen species of lichens were recorded on the C. cyphergaster diet. The mean total lichen consumption was 0.032 mg lichen/g termite (fresh weight)/day, accounting for 105.12g of lichen/ha/yr. The consumption of lichens was significantly affected by the N content and by the C: N and C: P ratios, with N being the element that best explained the consumption by the termites. The distribution of the secondary compounds of the lichens differs significantly between the regions that make up the lichen thallus (thallus blade, apothecium margin and apothecium disc), affecting their consumption by termites. The thallus blade presented the highest content of compounds, followed by the apothecium margin, which are the most consumed regions by the termites, respectively. There was no consumption of apothecium discs. The consumption of lichen layers (upper cortex, algae layer and medulla) by termites was also selective. The most consumed layers in the stems were the upper cortex and the algae layer, with rejection of the medullary layer. In the alimentary canal of the termites, broken spores and algae with potential vitality for relichenization were found. Progressive growth in algal mortality along the termite alimentary canal (foregut, gut and rectum) was observed. The photobiont morphology was also different between cells extracted from in natura thallus and algae present in the feces of termites. Results indicate the balance between nutrients and secondary metabolites play a fundamental role in food preferences and consumption rates by C. cyphergaster. The hardness and roughness of lichen tahllus structures can also modulate consumption strategies. The vitality of photobionts dispersed by termites was confirmed, demonstrating the dispersal potential of lichens via feces of these insects. |
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Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiroEstequiometriaEcologia químicaDispersãoNitrogênioValor nutricionalStoichiometryChemical ecologyDispersalNitrogenNutritional valueCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIAWood is the main dietary item of most termites, but supplementation through assimilation of some nutrients may occur from ingestion of other food resources available in the ecosystem, such as lichens. This study evaluated the effect of the nutritional and chemical composition of lichens on the consumption by C. cyphergaster, besides verifying the dispersal potential of lichen symbionts by these termites. Studies were carried out at RPPN Fazenda Almas, PB, where the foraging of fifteen colonies was monitored for fifteen days by identifying the lichens consumed. Food preference testing and consumption estimates were conducted in the laboratory. The content of N, C, P and secondary compounds were measured. Termites kept in bioassays under a diet exclusive of lichens were dissected for analysis of their food content, and the presence of viable lichen structures for dispersion was verified through staining tests. Fourteen species of lichens were recorded on the C. cyphergaster diet. The mean total lichen consumption was 0.032 mg lichen/g termite (fresh weight)/day, accounting for 105.12g of lichen/ha/yr. The consumption of lichens was significantly affected by the N content and by the C: N and C: P ratios, with N being the element that best explained the consumption by the termites. The distribution of the secondary compounds of the lichens differs significantly between the regions that make up the lichen thallus (thallus blade, apothecium margin and apothecium disc), affecting their consumption by termites. The thallus blade presented the highest content of compounds, followed by the apothecium margin, which are the most consumed regions by the termites, respectively. There was no consumption of apothecium discs. The consumption of lichen layers (upper cortex, algae layer and medulla) by termites was also selective. The most consumed layers in the stems were the upper cortex and the algae layer, with rejection of the medullary layer. In the alimentary canal of the termites, broken spores and algae with potential vitality for relichenization were found. Progressive growth in algal mortality along the termite alimentary canal (foregut, gut and rectum) was observed. The photobiont morphology was also different between cells extracted from in natura thallus and algae present in the feces of termites. Results indicate the balance between nutrients and secondary metabolites play a fundamental role in food preferences and consumption rates by C. cyphergaster. The hardness and roughness of lichen tahllus structures can also modulate consumption strategies. The vitality of photobionts dispersed by termites was confirmed, demonstrating the dispersal potential of lichens via feces of these insects.Fundação de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco - FACEPEA madeira é o principal item da dieta da maioria dos térmitas, porém pode ocorrer a suplementação da assimilação de alguns nutrientes a partir da ingestão de outros recursos alimentares, a exemplo dos liquens, disponíveis no ecossistema. Esse estudo avaliou o efeito da composição nutricional e química dos liquens sob o consumo por C. cyphergaster, além de verificar o potencial de dispersão de simbiontes liquênicos por esses térmitas. Os estudos foram realizados na RPPN Fazenda Almas, estado da Paraiba, onde foi monitorado o forrageio de quinze colônias, durante quinze dias, identificando-se os liquens consumidos. Testes de preferência alimentar e estimativas de consumo de liquens foram conduzidos em laboratório. O teor de N, C, P e de compostos secundários foram medidos. Térmitas mantidos em bioensaios sob uma dieta exclusiva de liquens foram dissecados para análise do seu conteúdo alimentar, verificando-se através de testes de coloração a presença de estruturas liquênicas viáveis para dispersão. Quatorze espécies de liquens foram registradas na dieta de C. cyphergaster. O consumo médio total de líquen foi de 0,032 mg de líquen/g térmita (peso fresco)/dia, representando um consumo estimado de 105,12g de líquen/ha/ano. O consumo de liquens foi significativamente afetado pelo teor N e pelas razões C:N e C:P, sendo o N o elemento que melhor explicou o consumo pelos térmitas. A distribuição dos compostos secundários dos liquens difere significativamente entre as regiões que compõem o talo liquênico (lâmina do talo, margem do apotécio e disco do apotécio), afetando o consumo destas pelos térmitas. A lâmina dos talos foi a região que apresentou o maior teor de compostos, seguida pela margem do apotécio, regiões mais consumidas pelos térmitas, respectivamente. Não houve consumo dos discos dos apotécios. O consumo das camadas liquênicas (córtex superior, camada de algas e medula) pelos térmitas também foi seletivo. As camadas mais consumidas nos talos foram o córtex superior e a camada de algas, havendo rejeição da camada medular. No canal alimentar dos térmitas foram encontrados esporos quebrados e algas com potencial vitalidade para a reliquenização. Foi verificado um crescimento progressivo na mortalidade das algas ao longo do canal alimentar dos térmitas (papo, pança e reto). A morfologia dos fotobiontes também foi diferente entre células extraídas de talos in natura e algas presentes nas fezes dos térmitas. Os resultados indicam que o equilíbrio entre nutrientes e metabólitos secundários desempenham um papel fundamental nas preferências alimentares e taxas de consumo por C. cyphergaster. A dureza e rugosidade de estruturas do talo liquênico também podem modular as estratégias de consumo. A vitalidade dos fotobiontes dispersados pelos térmitas foi confirmada, demonstrando o potencial de dispersão dos liquens via fezes desses insetos.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilZoologiaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências BiológicasUFPBVasconcellos, Alexandrehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8396727262741273Buril, Maria de Lourdes Lacerdahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0734642180650370Silva, Ana Márcia Barbosa da2022-06-14T18:25:39Z2021-08-202022-06-14T18:25:39Z2019-03-28info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23110porAttribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2022-08-09T14:01:31Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/23110Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2022-08-09T14:01:31Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
title |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
spellingShingle |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro Silva, Ana Márcia Barbosa da Estequiometria Ecologia química Dispersão Nitrogênio Valor nutricional Stoichiometry Chemical ecology Dispersal Nitrogen Nutritional value CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
title_short |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
title_full |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
title_fullStr |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
title_sort |
Interação cupim – líquen em ecossistema semiárido do nordeste brasileiro |
author |
Silva, Ana Márcia Barbosa da |
author_facet |
Silva, Ana Márcia Barbosa da |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Vasconcellos, Alexandre http://lattes.cnpq.br/8396727262741273 Buril, Maria de Lourdes Lacerda http://lattes.cnpq.br/0734642180650370 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Ana Márcia Barbosa da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Estequiometria Ecologia química Dispersão Nitrogênio Valor nutricional Stoichiometry Chemical ecology Dispersal Nitrogen Nutritional value CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
topic |
Estequiometria Ecologia química Dispersão Nitrogênio Valor nutricional Stoichiometry Chemical ecology Dispersal Nitrogen Nutritional value CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA |
description |
Wood is the main dietary item of most termites, but supplementation through assimilation of some nutrients may occur from ingestion of other food resources available in the ecosystem, such as lichens. This study evaluated the effect of the nutritional and chemical composition of lichens on the consumption by C. cyphergaster, besides verifying the dispersal potential of lichen symbionts by these termites. Studies were carried out at RPPN Fazenda Almas, PB, where the foraging of fifteen colonies was monitored for fifteen days by identifying the lichens consumed. Food preference testing and consumption estimates were conducted in the laboratory. The content of N, C, P and secondary compounds were measured. Termites kept in bioassays under a diet exclusive of lichens were dissected for analysis of their food content, and the presence of viable lichen structures for dispersion was verified through staining tests. Fourteen species of lichens were recorded on the C. cyphergaster diet. The mean total lichen consumption was 0.032 mg lichen/g termite (fresh weight)/day, accounting for 105.12g of lichen/ha/yr. The consumption of lichens was significantly affected by the N content and by the C: N and C: P ratios, with N being the element that best explained the consumption by the termites. The distribution of the secondary compounds of the lichens differs significantly between the regions that make up the lichen thallus (thallus blade, apothecium margin and apothecium disc), affecting their consumption by termites. The thallus blade presented the highest content of compounds, followed by the apothecium margin, which are the most consumed regions by the termites, respectively. There was no consumption of apothecium discs. The consumption of lichen layers (upper cortex, algae layer and medulla) by termites was also selective. The most consumed layers in the stems were the upper cortex and the algae layer, with rejection of the medullary layer. In the alimentary canal of the termites, broken spores and algae with potential vitality for relichenization were found. Progressive growth in algal mortality along the termite alimentary canal (foregut, gut and rectum) was observed. The photobiont morphology was also different between cells extracted from in natura thallus and algae present in the feces of termites. Results indicate the balance between nutrients and secondary metabolites play a fundamental role in food preferences and consumption rates by C. cyphergaster. The hardness and roughness of lichen tahllus structures can also modulate consumption strategies. The vitality of photobionts dispersed by termites was confirmed, demonstrating the dispersal potential of lichens via feces of these insects. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-03-28 2021-08-20 2022-06-14T18:25:39Z 2022-06-14T18:25:39Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23110 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23110 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Zoologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Zoologia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas UFPB |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
instacron_str |
UFPB |
institution |
UFPB |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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1798963993226772480 |