Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2019 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18498 |
Resumo: | There are still major differences between the thermal performance of the real building and the simulated building. One reason for this discrepancy is the behavior of the occupants. Thus, this research was developed with the objective of identifying and proposing a model of pattern of use and behavior of the occupants, specifically in relation to openings, in social housing in hot and humid climate, correlating it with the impact on thermal performance of these dwellings. In order to reach the objective, a field research was carried out, in which, in addition to measurements of environmental variables, a questionnaire was applied addressing issues that served as a basis for understanding the users' routines and behavior patterns. The data were collected in two housing estates in João Pessoa, 375 people were interviewed from March 2017 to July 2018. In the statistical analysis three statistical methods were used, descriptive statistics, cross-reference and Cluster analysis, with the help of SPSS v.26 program. The influence of different scenarios of usage patterns and user behavior on the thermal performance of homes was investigated through computer simulation, with the Design Builder v. 6.1.2. The evaluation of thermal performance was based on the composition of two long-term indices: Degrees-hour for Cooling added to the Percentage of hours of discomfort, based on the limits of the adaptive comfort range adopted by De Dear. The results show that the users' behavior can significantly influence the thermal performance of naturally ventilated buildings, confirming the tested hypothesis. Three types of families were identified, whose behavior in relation to openings is strongly related to the time at which residents wake up, that is, to daily routines. It was also possible to observe that the operation of windows and doors can increase the thermal discomfort inside the buildings, however the patterns of use and operation of windows and doors are not only the result of the influence of environmental variables (temperature, relative humidity, speed wind, rain, among others), but also by contextual factors (security, privacy) and cultural factors (family habits, mosquitoes, among others). Users indicated the incentive to open windows and doors upon waking and only to close them when sleeping, which demonstrates that the operation of the openings is linked to a family habit or custom. This pattern can be cultural, as they learned to use the housing in this way with their parents and continued, or even, due to the strong relationship with activities inside and outside the house (intramural). Contextual and cultural factors have had as much influence as environmental factors. Another issue that confirms the influence of contextual and / or cultural factors, refers to users who close the windows when leaving the house or when they go to sleep, even in cases of housing units that have windows with protection bars. That is, although the internal temperature is above the comfort limit, users prefer to close the windows for the feeling of security. In these cases, we found high temperature values, which could be aided by natural ventilation, but users choose to use mechanical ventilation. Thus, it can be concluded that the external temperature is not the determining stimulus for the operation of doors and windows in hot and humid conditions in northeastern Brazil. |
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Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmidoComportamento do usuárioDesempenho térmicoSimulaçãoOccupant’s behaviorThermal performanceSimulationCNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMOThere are still major differences between the thermal performance of the real building and the simulated building. One reason for this discrepancy is the behavior of the occupants. Thus, this research was developed with the objective of identifying and proposing a model of pattern of use and behavior of the occupants, specifically in relation to openings, in social housing in hot and humid climate, correlating it with the impact on thermal performance of these dwellings. In order to reach the objective, a field research was carried out, in which, in addition to measurements of environmental variables, a questionnaire was applied addressing issues that served as a basis for understanding the users' routines and behavior patterns. The data were collected in two housing estates in João Pessoa, 375 people were interviewed from March 2017 to July 2018. In the statistical analysis three statistical methods were used, descriptive statistics, cross-reference and Cluster analysis, with the help of SPSS v.26 program. The influence of different scenarios of usage patterns and user behavior on the thermal performance of homes was investigated through computer simulation, with the Design Builder v. 6.1.2. The evaluation of thermal performance was based on the composition of two long-term indices: Degrees-hour for Cooling added to the Percentage of hours of discomfort, based on the limits of the adaptive comfort range adopted by De Dear. The results show that the users' behavior can significantly influence the thermal performance of naturally ventilated buildings, confirming the tested hypothesis. Three types of families were identified, whose behavior in relation to openings is strongly related to the time at which residents wake up, that is, to daily routines. It was also possible to observe that the operation of windows and doors can increase the thermal discomfort inside the buildings, however the patterns of use and operation of windows and doors are not only the result of the influence of environmental variables (temperature, relative humidity, speed wind, rain, among others), but also by contextual factors (security, privacy) and cultural factors (family habits, mosquitoes, among others). Users indicated the incentive to open windows and doors upon waking and only to close them when sleeping, which demonstrates that the operation of the openings is linked to a family habit or custom. This pattern can be cultural, as they learned to use the housing in this way with their parents and continued, or even, due to the strong relationship with activities inside and outside the house (intramural). Contextual and cultural factors have had as much influence as environmental factors. Another issue that confirms the influence of contextual and / or cultural factors, refers to users who close the windows when leaving the house or when they go to sleep, even in cases of housing units that have windows with protection bars. That is, although the internal temperature is above the comfort limit, users prefer to close the windows for the feeling of security. In these cases, we found high temperature values, which could be aided by natural ventilation, but users choose to use mechanical ventilation. Thus, it can be concluded that the external temperature is not the determining stimulus for the operation of doors and windows in hot and humid conditions in northeastern Brazil.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESAinda se verificam grandes diferenças entre o desempenho térmico da edificação real e da edificação simulada. Um dos motivos dessa discrepância é o comportamento dos ocupantes. Assim, esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de identificar e propor um modelo de padrão de uso e comportamento dos ocupantes, especificamente em relação às aberturas, em habitações de interesse social no clima quente e úmido, correlacionando o mesmo com o impacto no desempenho térmico dessas habitações. Para alcançar o objetivo, uma pesquisa de campo foi realizada, na qual, além de medições de variáveis ambientais, foi aplicado um questionário abordando questões que serviram de base ao entendimento das rotinas e padrões de comportamento dos usuários. Os dados foram coletados em dois conjuntos habitacionais de João Pessoa, 375 pessoas foram entrevistadas no período de março de 2017 a julho de 2018. Na análise estatística três métodos estatísticos foram empregados, estatística descritiva, referência cruzada e análise de Cluster, com o auxílio do programa SPSS v.26. A influência dos diferentes cenários de padrões de uso e comportamento dos usuários no desempenho térmico das habitações foi investigada por meio de simulação computacional, com o programa Design Builder v. 6.1.2. A avaliação do desempenho térmico teve como base a composição de dois índices de longo tempo: Graus-hora para Resfriamento somado ao Percentual de horas de desconforto, com base nos limites da faixa de conforto adaptativo adotados por De Dear. Os resultados apontam que o comportamento dos usuários pode influenciar significativamente o desempenho térmico das edificações ventiladas naturalmente, confirmando a hipótese testada. Três tipos de famílias foram identificados, cujo comportamento em relação às aberturas está fortemente relacionado com o horário no qual os moradores acordam, ou seja, às rotinas diárias. Foi possível observar ainda que, a operação de janelas e portas, pode aumentar o desconforto térmico no interior das edificações, entretanto os padrões de uso e operação de janelas e portas não são resultado apenas da influência das variáveis ambientais (temperatura, umidade relativa, velocidade do vento, chuvas, entre outros), mas também por fatores contextuais (segurança, privacidade) e fatores culturais (hábitos familiares, mosquitos, entre outros). Os usuários indicaram o estímulo de abrir as janelas e portas ao acordar e só fechá-las ao dormir, o que demonstra que a operação das aberturas está atrelada a um hábito ou costume das famílias. Este padrão pode ser cultural, pois aprenderam a usar a unidade habitacional desta maneira com seus pais e continuaram, ou mesmo, pela forte relação com atividades dentro e fora da casa (intramuros). Fatores contextuais e culturais exerceram influência tanto quanto os fatores ambientais. Outra questão que confirma a influência de fatores contextuais e/ou culturais, refere-se aos usuários que fecham as janelas ao sair de casa ou quando vão dormir, mesmo em casos de unidades habitacionais que possuem janelas com grades de proteção. Isto é, apesar de a temperatura interna está acima do limite de conforto, os usuários preferem fechar as janelas pela sensação de segurança. Nestes casos, verificamos valores altos de temperatura, que poderiam ser auxiliados pela ventilação natural, mas os usuários optam pelo uso da ventilação mecânica. Assim, pode-se concluir que a temperatura externa não é o estímulo determinante para a operação das portas e janelas em condições de clima quente e úmido no nordeste brasileiro.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilArquitetura e UrbanismoPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e UrbanismoUFPBLeder, Solange Mariahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4107324653658983Oliveira, Andreia Cardoso de2020-11-23T16:41:42Z2020-07-222020-11-23T16:41:42Z2019-06-06info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18498porAttribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2020-11-24T06:08:16Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/18498Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2020-11-24T06:08:16Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
title |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
spellingShingle |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido Oliveira, Andreia Cardoso de Comportamento do usuário Desempenho térmico Simulação Occupant’s behavior Thermal performance Simulation CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO |
title_short |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
title_full |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
title_fullStr |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
title_full_unstemmed |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
title_sort |
Padrões de comportamento dos usuários sobre as aberturas para modelos de simulação de desempenho térmico em habitações de interesse social em clima quente e úmido |
author |
Oliveira, Andreia Cardoso de |
author_facet |
Oliveira, Andreia Cardoso de |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Leder, Solange Maria http://lattes.cnpq.br/4107324653658983 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Andreia Cardoso de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Comportamento do usuário Desempenho térmico Simulação Occupant’s behavior Thermal performance Simulation CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO |
topic |
Comportamento do usuário Desempenho térmico Simulação Occupant’s behavior Thermal performance Simulation CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ARQUITETURA E URBANISMO |
description |
There are still major differences between the thermal performance of the real building and the simulated building. One reason for this discrepancy is the behavior of the occupants. Thus, this research was developed with the objective of identifying and proposing a model of pattern of use and behavior of the occupants, specifically in relation to openings, in social housing in hot and humid climate, correlating it with the impact on thermal performance of these dwellings. In order to reach the objective, a field research was carried out, in which, in addition to measurements of environmental variables, a questionnaire was applied addressing issues that served as a basis for understanding the users' routines and behavior patterns. The data were collected in two housing estates in João Pessoa, 375 people were interviewed from March 2017 to July 2018. In the statistical analysis three statistical methods were used, descriptive statistics, cross-reference and Cluster analysis, with the help of SPSS v.26 program. The influence of different scenarios of usage patterns and user behavior on the thermal performance of homes was investigated through computer simulation, with the Design Builder v. 6.1.2. The evaluation of thermal performance was based on the composition of two long-term indices: Degrees-hour for Cooling added to the Percentage of hours of discomfort, based on the limits of the adaptive comfort range adopted by De Dear. The results show that the users' behavior can significantly influence the thermal performance of naturally ventilated buildings, confirming the tested hypothesis. Three types of families were identified, whose behavior in relation to openings is strongly related to the time at which residents wake up, that is, to daily routines. It was also possible to observe that the operation of windows and doors can increase the thermal discomfort inside the buildings, however the patterns of use and operation of windows and doors are not only the result of the influence of environmental variables (temperature, relative humidity, speed wind, rain, among others), but also by contextual factors (security, privacy) and cultural factors (family habits, mosquitoes, among others). Users indicated the incentive to open windows and doors upon waking and only to close them when sleeping, which demonstrates that the operation of the openings is linked to a family habit or custom. This pattern can be cultural, as they learned to use the housing in this way with their parents and continued, or even, due to the strong relationship with activities inside and outside the house (intramural). Contextual and cultural factors have had as much influence as environmental factors. Another issue that confirms the influence of contextual and / or cultural factors, refers to users who close the windows when leaving the house or when they go to sleep, even in cases of housing units that have windows with protection bars. That is, although the internal temperature is above the comfort limit, users prefer to close the windows for the feeling of security. In these cases, we found high temperature values, which could be aided by natural ventilation, but users choose to use mechanical ventilation. Thus, it can be concluded that the external temperature is not the determining stimulus for the operation of doors and windows in hot and humid conditions in northeastern Brazil. |
publishDate |
2019 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2019-06-06 2020-11-23T16:41:42Z 2020-07-22 2020-11-23T16:41:42Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18498 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18498 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Arquitetura e Urbanismo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Arquitetura e Urbanismo Programa de Pós-Graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo UFPB |
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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UFPB |
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UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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