Síndrome de Burnout em profissionais da enfermagem: um estudo psicossociológico

• Autor(a) principal: Pereira, Denise Reinaldo
• Data de Publicação: 2014
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6985
• topic: Síndrome de Burnout; Profissionais da enfermagem; Representações sociais; The Burnout Syndrome; Nursing professionals; Social representations; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA

The Burnout Syndrome (BS) is related to the work context and appears as a reaction to the chronic emotional tension for dealing excessively with people. The construct encompasses three related dimensions, however independent: exhaustion, depersonalization and low professional realization. This syndrome has been considered a matter of public health and, therefore, a social problem. This dissertation aimed to apprehend the social relations of nursery professionals who acts in the hospital context regarding the Burnout Syndrome. This is a field research, qualitative and quantitative, approved by the Ethics Committee of the HULW/UFPB and developed in a campus hospital, localized in a city in the Northeast. For the construction of the hospital it was used the Social Representations theoretical approach. The sample was consisted of 102 employees, of whom 29.4% were nurses, 34.3% practical nurses and nursing assistants 36.3%, mostly female (91.2%) ranging from 26 to 62 years (M = 44 , SD = 9.63) , which were submitted to the instruments: sociodemographic questionnaire , the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), free word association test (TALP), with the stimuli "work", "nursing", "burnout" and in-depth interviews. Data provided by sociodemographic questionnaire and MBI were treated by statistical package Predicitive Analytics Software (PASW), version 18 and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results were processed in TALP computational Tri-Deux-Mots and analyzed by factorial correspondence analysis and the contents of the interviews were processed by Alceste and analyzed using the standard analysis. The results showed that these professionals have a diverse profile, for example, only 39.2% had high school , 23.5% and 37.3% higher education graduate, 52% are married, most aged 55 years (3.6%), working more than 40 hours per week (82.4%), day and night shift (54.9%), with 12 years of experience (7.8%), having only one job (50%) and 2 jobs (42.2%), however 2% reported having 4 jobs. Regarding MBI, there was a 23.5% incidence of burnout syndrome and technical nursing class scored highest in all three dimensions. The results obtained through TALP showed that the social representations of burnout syndrome, developed by nursing professionals were anchored in the behavioral, social and psychological spheres by targeting elements that are part of the trigger (overwork, devaluation, disunity) symptoms (irritation, nervousness, pain, in the limit), and synonyms used by common sense for the syndrome (burnout). The results derived from structured interviews revealed by 4 thematic classes dendrogram, showing an improvement of 83% of the corpus, whose representational contents are associated with lack of recognition of the profession, professional practice, the illness process and justification of vocational choice, anchored in the socio-historical experiences of the profession. It is expected that the results arising from this research can contribute to theoretical and practical reflection of this construct that affects not only the social actor, but institutions and above all, the patients.