O saneamento básico na perspectiva de diferentes modelos de gestão: uma análise comparativa em municípios de pequeno porte no Estado da Paraíba

• Autor(a) principal: Assis, Aldenir Gomes de
• Data de Publicação: 2018
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/13544
• topic: Saneamento básico; Gestão municipal; Modelos de gestão; Pequenos municípios; Basic sanitation; Municipal management; Management models; Small municipalities; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ADMINISTRACAO::ADMINISTRACAO PUBLICA

In Brazil, basic sanitation is one of the most vulnerable areas of cities, especially in the poorest neighborhoods of large urban centers and in small municipalities. Since the end of the National Plan for Sanitation (Planasa), the municipal management of the sector was inserted in a context marked by the absence of a legal framework, and with the emergence of Law 11.445/07, the National Basic Sanitation Law, put an end to this vacuum institution. After more than ten years of the law, studies on the policies and municipal management of services are still incipient. Considering that the management of basic sanitation services is presented according to different models, and the focus of the work is in small municipalities in the state of Paraíba, the present dissertation had the objective of analyzing the characteristics of the management models of the services of sanitation (water supply and sanitary sewage) practiced in the municipalities of Alhandra, Caaporã, Coxixola and Pedras de Fogo. The study took as categories of analysis, the functions of planning, regulation, supervision, provision and social control, brought in Law 11457/07. For the development of the research, it was necessary an empirical study, with a predominantly qualitative approach, complemented by a quantitative approach. As a data collection instrument, semi-structured interviews, complementary form application and secondary data collection were used in the National Sanitation Information System (SNIS). Based on the results, it was verified that in each management model there are characteristics both related to the Planasa model and the new national law on basic sanitation. In municipalities served by the state sanitation company, planning, regulation, supervision and social control are incipient, with little exercise of municipal ownership. In the municipality served by municipal authority, a total coverage of water supply was verified, average rates lower than the state company, but with a considerable default, added to a still incipient municipal management in the management functions, and the lack of instances of participation and social control. In the municipality with water supply carried out by community management in rural areas, greater attention was paid to planning and social control, through the elaboration of the Municipal Sanitation Basic Plan and community action in management decisions. On the other hand, there was a need to improve the infrastructure of the supply system. Based on the study, it was possible to perceive important shortcomings and a need to change the current framework of basic sanitation management in small municipalities in the state of Paraíba. It is suggested to carry out studies that contemplate the users' perception of the services, as well as to extend the scope of analysis to management models with the provision of services performed by the direct public administration and by private companies.