O “ateísmo religioso” de Schopenhauer: sobre a crítica ao teísmo ocidental e o processo de resignação do homem

• Autor(a) principal: Sousa, Karla Samara dos Santos
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/20025
• topic: Vontade; Religião; Ateísmo; Ética; Metafísca; Atheism; Will; Metaphysical; Religion; Ethic; Wille; Atheismus; Ethik; Metaphysik; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::TEOLOGIA

The purpose of this thesis is to demonstrate how, in the Schopenhauerian “theory of religion”, it is possible to reconcile his atheism with his defense of Christian, Buddhist and Hindu thoughts. It argues that the criticism that the philosopher presents against Western theism leads to atheism, and that the process of denying the will, which is present in Schopenhauer's ethics, is not only aligned with the ethics of these religions, but rather it clarifies and confirms the philosopher's system. For this reason, the central question that determines or specifies the religious character of Schopenhauer's philosophy seeks to harmonize both aspects, though at first glance they seem paradoxical. Taking into account the philosopher's metaphysics, through the hermeneutics of its two central axes, namely, affirmation and denial of Will, and the concept of representation, this work analyzes the bases of the so-called Schopenhauerian pessimism, the epistemological foundation of his atheism, the distinction between religions and ethics. It is in this light that Schopenhauer's theory of religion is interpreted as a religious atheism. Nevertheless, despite his critique of theology, what this thesis tries to point out is that the theme religion is present in Schopenhauer’s philosophy. Of course, it no longer appears under the guise of traditional metaphysics. It is precisely in the refusal of this metaphysics, in connection with the idea of man's resignation and redemption in the world, that Schopenhauer erects a new theory of religion.