Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos.
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2017 |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18979 |
Resumo: | The objective was to evaluate the dynamics of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation from forage as a function of nitrogen supplementation in goats. In vitro tests were performed at the Laboratory of the Forage Sector of the Department of Animal Science belonging to the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Center of Agrarian Sciences, in the city of Areia/PB. In the first experiment six concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg/dL) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay with substrate. For this, a completely randomized design was used, in a 6 x 9 factorial scheme, with three replications. In the second experiment, five combinations of non-protein nitrogen (urea) and true protein (casein) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay as substrate. Combinations were determined from the results of the first experiment. A completely randomized design was used in a 5 x 9 factorial scheme with three replications. In the third experiment, six different combinations of non-protein nitrogen (urea), true protein (casein) and non-fibrous carbohydrate (starch) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay as substrate. Combinations were determined from the results of the first experiment. The design was completely randomized, in the factorial scheme 6 x 9, with three replications. In all experiments the parameters evaluated were pH, ammonia concentration, microbial protein concentration, volatile fatty acid concentration and in vitro digestibility of NDF in 96 hours of incubation. In all experiments, the residues from the incubation were evaluated in relation to the NDF content and analyzed by means of a nonlinear logistic model. In the first assay, a quadratic effect (P<0.05) was observed for the ruminal concentrations of acetate and propionate, with an increase in the N-NH3 level. Treatment with 15 mg/dL of ammoniacal nitrogen in the ruminal fluid presented mean values of 57.6 and 23.1 mM for acetate and propionate, respectively, with a maximum point of 16.4 and 15 mg/dL of ammoniacal nitrogen in the ruminal liquid. The addition of urea increased the degradation rate of NDFpd from 2.5 to 20.1% compared to the treatment without addition of urea and a reduction in the discrete latency estimate of 0.34 to 2.31 hours. Urea supplementation increased the specific growth rate of microorganisms by 2.6 to 20.1%. The degradation of the NDF at the end of the incubation test showed a quadratic effect with maximum point with 17.76 mg/dL ruminal liquid. In the second assay, the substitution of urea by casein by up to 50% increased the rate of degradation of potentially degradable NDF (NDFpd) by 17.42% compared to treatment without substitution. The rate of degradation of the NDFpd decreased in treatments with 75 and 100% substitution in 6.53 and 13.57%, respectively. The 50% replacement treatment obtained a reduction in the discrete latency estimate of 1.31 hours compared to the 0% replacement treatment and a 2.7 hour reduction compared to the 100% replacement treatment. Replacement by up to 50% of non-protein nitrogen by true protein provided a microbial growth of around 16.1% more efficiently. Replacement of urea by casein did not affect (P>0.05) acetate and propionate concentrations. In the third trial, treatment with 0% PV had a higher value of microbial protein, 545.8 mg/L, while treatment with 100% PV had the lowest value among all replacement levels, 426.6 mg/L of ruminal fluid, value close to the treatment without addition of nitrogen compounds, 423.1 mg/L. Replacement of NPN by TP affected (P<0.05) the concentrations of acetate. The highest concentration of total VFAs was observed in the treatment with 100% NPN. The substitution of NPN by TP in 100% caused a decrease of 28.98% in the rate of degradation compared to the treatment without 0% of NPN. Addition of TP in substitution to 100% NPN decreased the specific growth rate of microorganisms by 29.02% and microbial growth efficiency over NDF in the 100% TP treatment by 8.86%. The use of nitrogen compounds, in general, optimized the degradation of NDF of buffelgrass. In the first test, the optimum level of ammoniacal nitrogen is 17.76 mg / dL for maximum degradation of NDF. In the second assay, the proportion of 50% NPN and 50% TP optimized the NDF degradation of buffel grass. In the third trial, the use of 100% NPN as the only source of nitrogen compound, associated with a source of NFC, in the ruminal environment, increased the concentrations of acetate and total concentration of VFA, improving the use of NDF of buffelgrass. |
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Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos.Zootecnia.Carboidratos fibrosos.Nitrogênio não protéico.Microbiota ruminal.Proteína verdadeira.Rúmen.CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMALThe objective was to evaluate the dynamics of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation from forage as a function of nitrogen supplementation in goats. In vitro tests were performed at the Laboratory of the Forage Sector of the Department of Animal Science belonging to the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Center of Agrarian Sciences, in the city of Areia/PB. In the first experiment six concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg/dL) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay with substrate. For this, a completely randomized design was used, in a 6 x 9 factorial scheme, with three replications. In the second experiment, five combinations of non-protein nitrogen (urea) and true protein (casein) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay as substrate. Combinations were determined from the results of the first experiment. A completely randomized design was used in a 5 x 9 factorial scheme with three replications. In the third experiment, six different combinations of non-protein nitrogen (urea), true protein (casein) and non-fibrous carbohydrate (starch) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay as substrate. Combinations were determined from the results of the first experiment. The design was completely randomized, in the factorial scheme 6 x 9, with three replications. In all experiments the parameters evaluated were pH, ammonia concentration, microbial protein concentration, volatile fatty acid concentration and in vitro digestibility of NDF in 96 hours of incubation. In all experiments, the residues from the incubation were evaluated in relation to the NDF content and analyzed by means of a nonlinear logistic model. In the first assay, a quadratic effect (P<0.05) was observed for the ruminal concentrations of acetate and propionate, with an increase in the N-NH3 level. Treatment with 15 mg/dL of ammoniacal nitrogen in the ruminal fluid presented mean values of 57.6 and 23.1 mM for acetate and propionate, respectively, with a maximum point of 16.4 and 15 mg/dL of ammoniacal nitrogen in the ruminal liquid. The addition of urea increased the degradation rate of NDFpd from 2.5 to 20.1% compared to the treatment without addition of urea and a reduction in the discrete latency estimate of 0.34 to 2.31 hours. Urea supplementation increased the specific growth rate of microorganisms by 2.6 to 20.1%. The degradation of the NDF at the end of the incubation test showed a quadratic effect with maximum point with 17.76 mg/dL ruminal liquid. In the second assay, the substitution of urea by casein by up to 50% increased the rate of degradation of potentially degradable NDF (NDFpd) by 17.42% compared to treatment without substitution. The rate of degradation of the NDFpd decreased in treatments with 75 and 100% substitution in 6.53 and 13.57%, respectively. The 50% replacement treatment obtained a reduction in the discrete latency estimate of 1.31 hours compared to the 0% replacement treatment and a 2.7 hour reduction compared to the 100% replacement treatment. Replacement by up to 50% of non-protein nitrogen by true protein provided a microbial growth of around 16.1% more efficiently. Replacement of urea by casein did not affect (P>0.05) acetate and propionate concentrations. In the third trial, treatment with 0% PV had a higher value of microbial protein, 545.8 mg/L, while treatment with 100% PV had the lowest value among all replacement levels, 426.6 mg/L of ruminal fluid, value close to the treatment without addition of nitrogen compounds, 423.1 mg/L. Replacement of NPN by TP affected (P<0.05) the concentrations of acetate. The highest concentration of total VFAs was observed in the treatment with 100% NPN. The substitution of NPN by TP in 100% caused a decrease of 28.98% in the rate of degradation compared to the treatment without 0% of NPN. Addition of TP in substitution to 100% NPN decreased the specific growth rate of microorganisms by 29.02% and microbial growth efficiency over NDF in the 100% TP treatment by 8.86%. The use of nitrogen compounds, in general, optimized the degradation of NDF of buffelgrass. In the first test, the optimum level of ammoniacal nitrogen is 17.76 mg / dL for maximum degradation of NDF. In the second assay, the proportion of 50% NPN and 50% TP optimized the NDF degradation of buffel grass. In the third trial, the use of 100% NPN as the only source of nitrogen compound, associated with a source of NFC, in the ruminal environment, increased the concentrations of acetate and total concentration of VFA, improving the use of NDF of buffelgrass.Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPqO objetivo foi avaliar a dinâmica da degradação da fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) advindo de forragem em função da suplementação com compostos nitrogenados em caprinos. Foram realizados ensaios in vitro no Laboratório do Setor de Forragicultura do Departamento de Zootecnia pertencente à Universidade Federal de Paraíba (UFPB), Centro de Ciências Agrárias, no município de Areia/PB. No primeiro experimento foram utilizados seis concentrações de nitrogênio amoniacal (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 30 mg/dL) em meio de cultura de microrganismos ruminais contendo o feno de capim-buffel como substrato. Para isto foi utolizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 6 x 9, com três repetições. No segundo experimento foram utilizadas cinco combinações entre nitrogênio não proteico (uréia) e proteína verdadeira (caseína), em meio de cultura de microrganismos ruminais contendo o feno de capim-buffel como substrato. As combinações foram determinadas a partir dos resultados do primeiro experimento. Foi utilizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 x 9, com três repetições. No terceiro experimento foram utilizados seis combinações diferentes de nitrogênio não proteico (uréia), proteína verdadeira (caseína) e carboidrato não fibroso (amido) em meio de cultura de microrganismos ruminais contendo o feno de capim-buffel como substrato. As combinações foram determinadas a partir dos resultados do primeiro experimento. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, no esquema fatorial 6 x 9, com três repetições. Em todos os experimentos os parâmetros avaliados foram: pH, concentração de amônia, concentração de proteína microbiana, concentração de ácidos graxos voláteis e digestibilidade in vitro da FDN em 96 horas de incubação. Em todos os experimentos, os resíduos da incubação foram avaliados em relação ao teor de FDN e analisados por intermédio de modelo logístico não-linear. No primeiro ensaio, foi observado efeito quadrático (P<0,05) para as concentrações ruminais de acetato e propionato, com aumento no nível de N-NH3. O tratamento com 15 mg/dL de nitrogênio amoniacal no líquido ruminal, apresentou medias de 57,6 e 23,1 mM para acetato e propionato, respectivamente, com ponto de máximo de 16,4 e 15 mg/dL de nitrogênio amoniacal no liquido ruminal. A adição da uréia elevou de 2,5 a 20,1% a taxa de degradação da FDNpd em comparação ao tratamento sem adição de uréia e uma redução na estimativa de latência discreta de 0,34 a 2,31 horas. A suplementação com uréia elevou em 2,6 a 20,1% a taxa de crescimento específico de microrganismos. A degradação da FDN, ao termino do ensaio de incubação, apresentou efeito quadrático com ponto de máxima com 17,76 mg/dL de líquido ruminal. No segundo ensaio, a substituição da uréia pela caseína em até 50% elevou em 17,42% a taxa de degradação da FDN potencialmente degradável (FDNpd) em comparação ao tratamento sem substituição. A taxa de degradação da FDNpd decresceu nos tratamentos com 75 e 100% de substituição em 6,53 e 13,57%, respectivamente. O tratamento com 50% de substituição obteve uma redução na estimativa de latência discreta de 1,31 horas em comparação ao tratamento com 0% de substituição e uma redução de 2,7 horas em comparação ao tratamento com 100% de substituição. A substituição em até 50% de nitrogênio não protéico por proteína verdadeira proporcionou um crescimento microbiano, em torno, de 16,1% mais eficiente. A substituição da uréia pela caseína não afetou (P>0,05) as concentrações de acetato e propionato. No terceiro ensaio, o tratamento com 0% de PV apresentou um valor mais elevado de proteína microbiana, 545,8 mg/L, enquanto o tratamento com 100% de PV obteve o menor valor entre todos os níveis de substituição, 426,6 mg/L, valor próximo ao tratamento sem adição de compostos nitrogenados, 423,1 mg/L. A substituição do NNP pela PV afetou (P<0,05) as concentrações de acetato. A maior concentração de AGVs Totais foi observada no tratamento com 100% de NNP. A substituição do NNP pela PV em 100% provocou um decréscimo de 28,98% na taxa de degradação em comparação ao tratamento sem com 0% de NNP. A adição da PV em substituição ao NNP em 100% diminuiu em 29,02% a taxa de crescimento específico de microrganismos e em 8,86% a eficiência de crescimento microbiano sobre a FDNpd no tratamento com 100% de PV. A utilização de compostos nitrogenados, de forma geral, otimizou a degradação da FDN do capim-buffel. No primeiro ensaio, o nível ótimo de nitrogênio amoniacal é de 17,76 mg/dL para uma máxima degradação da FDN. No segundo ensaio, a proporçãode 50% de NNP e 50% de PV otimizou a degradação da FDN do capim-buffel. No terceiro ensaio, a utilização de 100% de NNP como única fonte de composto nitrogenado, associado a uma fonte de CNF, no meio ruminal, aumentou as concentrações de acetato e concentração total de AGV, melhorando o aproveitamento da FDN do capim-buffel.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilZootecniaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em ZootecniaUFPBOliveira, Celso José Bruno dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1085810832851989Oliveira, Juliana Silva deSantana Neto, José Adelson2020-12-28T16:14:31Z2018-06-282020-12-28T16:14:31Z2017-08-31info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18979porAttribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2020-12-29T06:13:59Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/18979Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2020-12-29T06:13:59Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
title |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
spellingShingle |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. Santana Neto, José Adelson Zootecnia. Carboidratos fibrosos. Nitrogênio não protéico. Microbiota ruminal. Proteína verdadeira. Rúmen. CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL |
title_short |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
title_full |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
title_fullStr |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
title_sort |
Determinação da concentração de nitrogênio para melhoria da degradabilidade de forragem para caprinos. |
author |
Santana Neto, José Adelson |
author_facet |
Santana Neto, José Adelson |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv |
Oliveira, Celso José Bruno de http://lattes.cnpq.br/1085810832851989 Oliveira, Juliana Silva de |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Santana Neto, José Adelson |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Zootecnia. Carboidratos fibrosos. Nitrogênio não protéico. Microbiota ruminal. Proteína verdadeira. Rúmen. CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL |
topic |
Zootecnia. Carboidratos fibrosos. Nitrogênio não protéico. Microbiota ruminal. Proteína verdadeira. Rúmen. CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::ZOOTECNIA::NUTRICAO E ALIMENTACAO ANIMAL |
description |
The objective was to evaluate the dynamics of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradation from forage as a function of nitrogen supplementation in goats. In vitro tests were performed at the Laboratory of the Forage Sector of the Department of Animal Science belonging to the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Center of Agrarian Sciences, in the city of Areia/PB. In the first experiment six concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mg/dL) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay with substrate. For this, a completely randomized design was used, in a 6 x 9 factorial scheme, with three replications. In the second experiment, five combinations of non-protein nitrogen (urea) and true protein (casein) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay as substrate. Combinations were determined from the results of the first experiment. A completely randomized design was used in a 5 x 9 factorial scheme with three replications. In the third experiment, six different combinations of non-protein nitrogen (urea), true protein (casein) and non-fibrous carbohydrate (starch) were used in culture medium of ruminal microorganisms containing buffel grass hay as substrate. Combinations were determined from the results of the first experiment. The design was completely randomized, in the factorial scheme 6 x 9, with three replications. In all experiments the parameters evaluated were pH, ammonia concentration, microbial protein concentration, volatile fatty acid concentration and in vitro digestibility of NDF in 96 hours of incubation. In all experiments, the residues from the incubation were evaluated in relation to the NDF content and analyzed by means of a nonlinear logistic model. In the first assay, a quadratic effect (P<0.05) was observed for the ruminal concentrations of acetate and propionate, with an increase in the N-NH3 level. Treatment with 15 mg/dL of ammoniacal nitrogen in the ruminal fluid presented mean values of 57.6 and 23.1 mM for acetate and propionate, respectively, with a maximum point of 16.4 and 15 mg/dL of ammoniacal nitrogen in the ruminal liquid. The addition of urea increased the degradation rate of NDFpd from 2.5 to 20.1% compared to the treatment without addition of urea and a reduction in the discrete latency estimate of 0.34 to 2.31 hours. Urea supplementation increased the specific growth rate of microorganisms by 2.6 to 20.1%. The degradation of the NDF at the end of the incubation test showed a quadratic effect with maximum point with 17.76 mg/dL ruminal liquid. In the second assay, the substitution of urea by casein by up to 50% increased the rate of degradation of potentially degradable NDF (NDFpd) by 17.42% compared to treatment without substitution. The rate of degradation of the NDFpd decreased in treatments with 75 and 100% substitution in 6.53 and 13.57%, respectively. The 50% replacement treatment obtained a reduction in the discrete latency estimate of 1.31 hours compared to the 0% replacement treatment and a 2.7 hour reduction compared to the 100% replacement treatment. Replacement by up to 50% of non-protein nitrogen by true protein provided a microbial growth of around 16.1% more efficiently. Replacement of urea by casein did not affect (P>0.05) acetate and propionate concentrations. In the third trial, treatment with 0% PV had a higher value of microbial protein, 545.8 mg/L, while treatment with 100% PV had the lowest value among all replacement levels, 426.6 mg/L of ruminal fluid, value close to the treatment without addition of nitrogen compounds, 423.1 mg/L. Replacement of NPN by TP affected (P<0.05) the concentrations of acetate. The highest concentration of total VFAs was observed in the treatment with 100% NPN. The substitution of NPN by TP in 100% caused a decrease of 28.98% in the rate of degradation compared to the treatment without 0% of NPN. Addition of TP in substitution to 100% NPN decreased the specific growth rate of microorganisms by 29.02% and microbial growth efficiency over NDF in the 100% TP treatment by 8.86%. The use of nitrogen compounds, in general, optimized the degradation of NDF of buffelgrass. In the first test, the optimum level of ammoniacal nitrogen is 17.76 mg / dL for maximum degradation of NDF. In the second assay, the proportion of 50% NPN and 50% TP optimized the NDF degradation of buffel grass. In the third trial, the use of 100% NPN as the only source of nitrogen compound, associated with a source of NFC, in the ruminal environment, increased the concentrations of acetate and total concentration of VFA, improving the use of NDF of buffelgrass. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2017-08-31 2018-06-28 2020-12-28T16:14:31Z 2020-12-28T16:14:31Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18979 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18979 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/br/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Zootecnia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UFPB |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal da Paraíba Brasil Zootecnia Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zootecnia UFPB |
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reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) instacron:UFPB |
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Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
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UFPB |
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UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br |
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1801843022275543040 |