Fronteiras de guerra: um estudo etnográfico com as mulheres que fazem a travessia de drogas para presídios masculinos reclusas na Penitenciária Júlia Maranhão

• Autor(a) principal: Ribeiro, Juliana Serretti de Castro Colaço
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/16040
• topic: Sistema penal brasileiro; Tráfico de drogas - mulheres mula; População carcerária feminina - Penitenciária Júlia Maranhão - João Pessoa-PB; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::DIREITO

The narcotic substance trafficking continues to be one of the crimes that most incarcerates individuals throughout Latin America. The data behind this great assault of the penal system reveal – from the idealization of the War on Drugs policy, exported around the world by the United States of America – symptomatic characteristics that refer to the race and social class conditions of the criminalized individuals. In this context, it’s possible to realize, analyzing the last decades, a significant increase in the female incarceration due the several drug trafficking activities. However, it’s possible to notice that some of these activities are fundamentally practiced by women, whereas several of other activities are not usually practiced by them. Considering, from a qualitative perspective, that the percentage of women imprisoned for drug trafficking in Brazil is highly superior compared to the incarceration of men for the same crime, it’s possible to understand that beyond the racial and elitist criteria, deep-rooted on the criminal policy of war on drugs, the gender perspective lies in a subjacent way. The gender criteria cannot be understood isolatedly because it is consubstantialized with the race and social class elements, inherent in the organization of the criminal system itself – that produces an reproduces society. In face of the several drug trafficking activities labeled as “feminine” or ”womanly”, the “mule” activity – the crossing over masculine prisons with drugs stuck on the vagina or anus – appears as an activity almost exclusively executed by women. Showing how the frontiers of the feminine body are used and taken by the drug trafficking, as well as how far is the criminal system wheeling to march and invade, even through most intimate territories. Stands out that a great amount of criminological speeches produced in Brazil, deep-rooted in the slavery logic legacy, put the black women as unworthy of respect (nor “humanity”) , and consequently locate their bodies as a territory with “public space” status. Stands out, as well, that the segregation of the incarcerated people criteria establishes itself in sexist terms, and not gender terms, which means that the research could only reach people biologically understood as “females”. Even so, during the contact with the women incarcerated for the activity of drug “mules” in the Júlia Maranhão Penitentiary, it was detected that all the people imprisoned for this activity identified themselves as cisgender females. Therefore, is problematized what are the contributions of the criminalization of this activity for the formation of the general outlook of hyperincarceration of women for drug trafficking, especially when it’s possible to realize that the transporting of drug in intimate corporal orifices to male prisons is considered as a “women’s job”. Beyond that, is questioned why are these women imprisoned, and how the criteria of race and social class contribute to this massive incarceration, standing out how the frontiers of the drug trafficking and the correlative War on Drugs transpass the dircursive limits and break intimate and visceral borders , projecting themselves through particular territories, and locating their battlefield also on the women’s bodies – mainly the black and poor ones.