Atividade gastroprotetora de Xylopia langsdorffiana A. St.-Hill & Tul. (Annonaceae) em modelos animais

• Autor(a) principal: Montenegro, Camila de Albuquerque
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/6712
• topic: Xylopia langsdorffiana; Diterpenos; Úlceras; Gastroproteção; Cicatrização; Xylopia langsdorffiana; Diterpenes; Ulcers; Gastroprotection; Healing; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA

Xylopia langsdorffiana A. St.-Hil. & Tul., species belonging to the Annonaceae family, popularly known as "pimenteira da terra" was selected for the study on the basis of the chemotaxonomic criteria, because many chemical compounds with pharmacological activities have been isolated. Among these, the diterpenes are highlighted, considered as important biomarkers of the species from genus Xylopia. The crude ethanol extract (EEtOH) and the hexane phase (FaHex) were obtained from the leaves of this species and were used to evaluate the toxicity, gastroprotective and healing activities in animal models. In acute toxicity test, the single dose of 2000 mg/kg of EEtOH administered p.o. caused signs of hyperactivity and irritability, increase in food consumption and body weight in female mice, while for male mice was observed only increase in water consumption. During the study, no deaths and no macroscopic changes were observed in the organs of the mice. For the evaluation of gastroprotective activity were used the models to induce ulcers by HCl/ethanol, ethanol (in rats), stress (immobilization and cold), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) piroxicam in mice and contention of the gastric juice. In the HCl/ethanol-induced ulcer model the EEtOH-Xl (62,5 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced the ulcerative lesion index (ULI) in 29, 38, 52 and 60 %, respectively. It was also observed in the ethanol-induced ulcer model that the EEtOH-Xl and FaHex-Xl (62,5 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited the ULI in 37, 41, 64, 83 and 23, 51, 81, 84 %, respectively. In the stress-induced ulcer model the EEtOH-Xl and FaHex-Xl (62,5, 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased the ULI for 47, 50, 52, 48 and 32, 43, 56, 75 %, respectively. Similar results were evidenced in NSAID-induced lesion model, which percentages of protection were 31, 70, 71, 72 % (EEtOH-Xl) and 42, 58, 61 % to FaHex-Xl doses of 125, 250 e 500 mg/kg. In the contention of the gastric juice (pyloric ligation) the EEtOH-Xl (500 mg/kg) and FaHex-Xl (250 mg/kg) showed gastric protection with the administration both orally (p.o.) (54 and 28 %) and intraduodenally (i.d.) (36 and 45%), respectively. In this model, the EEtOH (500 mg/kg) and FaHex (250 mg/kg) in both routes of administration did not alter the parameters of gastric juice (pH, [H+] and gastric volume). In the elucidating the mechanisms of cytoprotective activity of Xylopia langsdorffiana the FaHex-Xl (250 mg/kg) did not increase the production of mucus to the mucosa; the EEtOH-Xl (500 mg/kg) and FaHex-Xl (250 mg/kg) administered orally induced gastroprotection dependent on sulfhydryl groups and nitric oxide. In the acetic acid-induced ulcer model, the treatment with EEtOH-Xl (500 mg/kg, p.o.) and FaHex-Xl (250 mg/kg, p.o.) resulted in 51 and 36% of ulcer healing, respectively. In this model, during the 14 days of treatment, it was observed that the extract increased the water and food intake and the hexane phase reduced the biochemical parameters AST and uric acid. These data indicate that X. langsdorffiana has gastroprotective and healing activity, with partial participation of sulfhydryl groups and nitric oxide and possibly the involvement of growth factors and angiogenesis in the healing process induced by the chemical constituents, particularly diterpenes, present in the vegetal samples tested.