Adubação orgânica na fertilidade do solo, trocas gasosas e componentes de produção de meloeiro em neossolo regolítico

• Autor(a) principal: Malaquias, Jardelio Paulo
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15484
• topic: Cucumis melo L.; Atividade sustentável; Doses de nitrogênio; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

To increase the cultivation of organic melon, especially in Paraíba, there is some difficulties, lack of technical information in relation to crop management. Thus, the aim of this experiment was to determine the influence of nitrogen, from cattle manure and goat on soil fertility, gas exchange, foliar N, P and K, productivity, physical characteristics and mineral composition yellow melon in Entisol. The experiment was conducted in from July to October 2015, in a Entisol using a randomized block design with 10 treatments arranged in a factorial 2 x 5, referring to manure cattle and goats and five N rates (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 kg ha-1) of each organic source. The variables analyzed were: pH, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, aluminum, aluminum more hydrogen, calcium, magnesium, sum of bases; cation exchange capacity, base saturation, soil organic matter, the internal concentration of CO2, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, photosynthetic rate, carboxylation efficiency and water use, foliar nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, number of fruits per plant, yield, average fruit weight, diameter and length of the fruit solids soluble. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and the averages of the two manures compared by F test and the effects of doses evaluated by regression. The potassium content in the soil fertilized with goat manure increased quadratically as a function of N levels, with maximum estimated at 48 kg ha-1 of nitrogen. There was no effect of N rates with organic sources like cattle manure and goat on the levels of sodium, carbon, organic matter, sum of bases and cation exchange capacity. The goat manure as a source of N in some doses provided the highest levels of sodium, carbon, organic matter, sum of bases and cation exchange capacity in the soil. Doses of manure, irrespective of the source, increased transpiration rate (E), photosynthesis rate (A) and carboxylation efficiency (A / C) and decreased internal CO2 concentration. The manure cattle provided higher foliar nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in plants and supplied them nutritionally properly compared with goat manure. The number of fruits per plant, productivity, the diameter and length xvi of fruits increased with the applied nitrogen rates, with the source the cattle manure and goat. Most of the variables, the use of cattle manure yielded better results. The soluble solids content of melon fruit fertilized with goat manure increased linearly with increasing nitrogen rates.