Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Carneiro, Kalline de Almeida Alves
Data de Publicação: 2019
Tipo de documento: Tese
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15382
Resumo: The family farming areas of the municipalities of Esperança and Remigio, located in the Paraiba State Agreste, present as predominant soil the Regosol, with low availability of P and N, limiting crop productivity. To alleviate these nutrient deficiencies, organic fertilizers, especially cattle manure, are widely used by farmers. However, manure rates are applied empirically, often beyond necessary. Due to the excessive application of manure P is accumulated in the surface layer and released by vertical transport, causing eutrophication that generates economic and environmental damage. Given the above, it is necessary to study the vertical transport of P in the Regosols. Due to the levels of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides that can adsorb P, even in small amounts, directly influence the availability of this nutrient in the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of Fe and Al oxides on sorption and miscible phosphorus displacement in areas fertilized and not fertilized with bovine manure and to relate them to the mineralogy and physicochemical factors of a eutrophic Regosol of Paraíba State Agreste region. Nine properties of family farmers were selected. Then a simple systematic random sampling was performed with the fixation of ten sampling points for each area, taking deformed soil samples at a depth of 0 - 10 cm, totaling 90 samples. After collection, the soil samples were physicochemical and mineralogical characterization (XRD and FRX). In all soil samples, were determined the sorption parameters of P. To achieve the proposed objectives two experiments were installed: In experiment I - P soil miscible displacement - The potential for P losses in columns of P was evaluated in fertilized and non-fertilized areas with bovine manure, and the influence of the amorphous and crystalline Fe and Al oxides contents on P. In experiment II - Soil samples from the nine selected areas were packed in columns and hydrodispersive soil characterization was performed using KBr. The miscible P displacement, native plus the inorganic P (P pulse), was evaluated in the vertical transport of P in the soil samples of the nine selected areas, whose numerical adjustment was performed using the Stanmod software. After the miscible displacement of P the column soils were used to determine P desorption by successive extraction of P adsorbed with the use of iron strips. The data from experiment II were submitted to first order pseudo-equation k-adsorption and desorption kinetic models. With the results of soil physical, chemical and mineralogical analyzes, and of experiments I and II, it was possible to organize three chapters: Chapter I - “Leaching of xviii P in Regosols in Family Farming Areas of the Semiarid Region”: In all areas it was observed that most of the P was removed up to 20 pore volume, which is equivalent to 40 mm of water monthly precipitation. High rates of manure for consecutive years resulted in a high loss of soil phosphorus (> 6.0 mg L-1). Chapter II - “P transport dynamics in Eutrophic Regosol”. The hydrodispersive characterization data with potassium bromide (KBr) confirmed its chemical non-equilibrium with the soil, representing a good tracer. There was a lower P leaching in columns with similar Fe and Al contents, being related to the increase of P adsorption capacity unlike the soil samples with varied Fe and Al contents, which presented a higher P displacement. Chapter III - "P sorption kinetics in Eutrophic Regosol in family farming areas". The highest P adsorption rate occurred in soil samples with varying Fe and Al contents, referring to the municipality of Esperança. While the behavior of phosphate desorption curves were identical for all areas, regardless of manure fertilization, desorbed phosphate decreased exponentially. The areas of Esperança, regardless of whether they were fertilized or not, showed a higher rate of phosphorus adsorption by Fe and Al oxides and a decrease in P. leaching. In the fertilized and non-fertilized areas in Remigio with similar Fe and Al contents, the kinetics of phosphate adsorption and desorption were similar to those of Esperança. Remigio areas showed higher desorption rate than adsorption rate and an increase in P leaching, indicating that this adsorption was influenced by the presence of goethite (Gt) in the clay fraction, by the low rates of P via organic fertilization and also because the soil itself has very low initial P levels when compared to the areas of Esperança. In this study, it is evident that the P leaching in a sandy soil is an environmental risk, because the soil mineralogy presents predominantly negative charges.
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spelling Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticosLixiviação de PCinética de sorçãoMineralogia do RRCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAThe family farming areas of the municipalities of Esperança and Remigio, located in the Paraiba State Agreste, present as predominant soil the Regosol, with low availability of P and N, limiting crop productivity. To alleviate these nutrient deficiencies, organic fertilizers, especially cattle manure, are widely used by farmers. However, manure rates are applied empirically, often beyond necessary. Due to the excessive application of manure P is accumulated in the surface layer and released by vertical transport, causing eutrophication that generates economic and environmental damage. Given the above, it is necessary to study the vertical transport of P in the Regosols. Due to the levels of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides that can adsorb P, even in small amounts, directly influence the availability of this nutrient in the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of Fe and Al oxides on sorption and miscible phosphorus displacement in areas fertilized and not fertilized with bovine manure and to relate them to the mineralogy and physicochemical factors of a eutrophic Regosol of Paraíba State Agreste region. Nine properties of family farmers were selected. Then a simple systematic random sampling was performed with the fixation of ten sampling points for each area, taking deformed soil samples at a depth of 0 - 10 cm, totaling 90 samples. After collection, the soil samples were physicochemical and mineralogical characterization (XRD and FRX). In all soil samples, were determined the sorption parameters of P. To achieve the proposed objectives two experiments were installed: In experiment I - P soil miscible displacement - The potential for P losses in columns of P was evaluated in fertilized and non-fertilized areas with bovine manure, and the influence of the amorphous and crystalline Fe and Al oxides contents on P. In experiment II - Soil samples from the nine selected areas were packed in columns and hydrodispersive soil characterization was performed using KBr. The miscible P displacement, native plus the inorganic P (P pulse), was evaluated in the vertical transport of P in the soil samples of the nine selected areas, whose numerical adjustment was performed using the Stanmod software. After the miscible displacement of P the column soils were used to determine P desorption by successive extraction of P adsorbed with the use of iron strips. The data from experiment II were submitted to first order pseudo-equation k-adsorption and desorption kinetic models. With the results of soil physical, chemical and mineralogical analyzes, and of experiments I and II, it was possible to organize three chapters: Chapter I - “Leaching of xviii P in Regosols in Family Farming Areas of the Semiarid Region”: In all areas it was observed that most of the P was removed up to 20 pore volume, which is equivalent to 40 mm of water monthly precipitation. High rates of manure for consecutive years resulted in a high loss of soil phosphorus (> 6.0 mg L-1). Chapter II - “P transport dynamics in Eutrophic Regosol”. The hydrodispersive characterization data with potassium bromide (KBr) confirmed its chemical non-equilibrium with the soil, representing a good tracer. There was a lower P leaching in columns with similar Fe and Al contents, being related to the increase of P adsorption capacity unlike the soil samples with varied Fe and Al contents, which presented a higher P displacement. Chapter III - "P sorption kinetics in Eutrophic Regosol in family farming areas". The highest P adsorption rate occurred in soil samples with varying Fe and Al contents, referring to the municipality of Esperança. While the behavior of phosphate desorption curves were identical for all areas, regardless of manure fertilization, desorbed phosphate decreased exponentially. The areas of Esperança, regardless of whether they were fertilized or not, showed a higher rate of phosphorus adsorption by Fe and Al oxides and a decrease in P. leaching. In the fertilized and non-fertilized areas in Remigio with similar Fe and Al contents, the kinetics of phosphate adsorption and desorption were similar to those of Esperança. Remigio areas showed higher desorption rate than adsorption rate and an increase in P leaching, indicating that this adsorption was influenced by the presence of goethite (Gt) in the clay fraction, by the low rates of P via organic fertilization and also because the soil itself has very low initial P levels when compared to the areas of Esperança. In this study, it is evident that the P leaching in a sandy soil is an environmental risk, because the soil mineralogy presents predominantly negative charges.As áreas de agricultura familiar dos municípios de Esperança e Remígio, localizados no Agreste paraibano apresentam como solo predominante o Neossolo Regolítico, com baixa disponibilidade de P e N, limitando a produtividade das culturas. Para atenuar essas deficiências de nutrientes, os fertilizantes orgânicos, especialmente o esterco bovino, são amplamente utilizados pelos agricultores. No entanto, as doses de esterco são aplicadas empiricamente, muitas vezes além do necessário. Em virtude da aplicação excessiva do esterco o P é acumulado na camada superficial e liberado por transporte vertical, ocasionando a eutrofização que gera prejuízo econômico e ambiental. Diante do exposto torna - se necessário estudar o transporte vertical de P nos Neossolos Regolíticos. Em função dos teores de óxidos de ferro (Fe) e de alumínio (Al) que podem adsorver o P, mesmo presente em pequenas quantidades influenciam diretamente a disponibilidade deste nutriente no solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência dos óxidos de Fe e de Al na sorção e no deslocamento miscível do fósforo em áreas adubadas e não adubadas com esterco bovino e relacioná-las a mineralogia e aos fatores físico-químicos de um Neossolo Regolítico eutrófico da região do Agreste-PB. Foram selecionadas nove propriedades de agricultores familiares. Em seguida realizou-se uma amostragem aleatória sistemática simples com a fixação de dez pontos amostrais para cada área, retirando amostras de solo deformadas na profundidade de 0 - 10 cm, totalizando 90 amostras. Após a coleta, foram realizadas nas amostras de solo a caracterização físico-química e mineralógica (DRX e FRX). Em todas as amostras de solo foi determinado os parâmetros de sorção de P. Para alcançar os objetivos propostos foram instalados dois experimentos: No experimento I - Deslocamento miscível de P nativo do solo – Foi avaliado o potencial de perdas de P em colunas de solo, das áreas adubadas e não adubadas com esterco bovino, e a influência dos teores de óxidos de Fe e Al amorfos e cristalinos na lixiviação do P. No experimento II – Amostras de solo das nove áreas selecionadas foram acondicionadas em colunas e foi realizada a caracterização hidrodispersiva do solo, utilizando-se o KBr. O deslocamento miscível de P, nativo mais o P inorgânico (pulso de P), foi avaliado no transporte vertical de P nas amostras de solo das nove áreas selecionadas, cujo ajuste numérico foi realizado através do software Stanmod. Após o deslocamente miscível do P os solos das colunas foram utilizados para determinação da dessorção do P, por meio de extrações sucessivas do P adsorvido com o uso de fitas de ferro. Os dados oriundos do experimento II foram submetidos a modelos xvi cinéticos de adsorção e dessorção de P de pseudo-equação de primeira ordem. Com os resultados das análises físicas, químicas e mineralógicas do solo, e dos experimentos I e II, foi possível organizar três capítulos: Capítulo I – “Lixiviação de P em Neossolos Regolíticos em áreas de agricultura familiar de região Semiárida”: Em todos as áreas observou-se que a maior parte do P foi removido até 20 volume de poros, o que equivale mensalmente à 40 mm de lâmina d’água. A utilização de altas doses do esterco por anos consecutivos, proporcionou uma perda elevada de fósforo no solo (> 6,0 mg L-1). Capítulo II – “Dinâmica de transporte de P em Neossolo Regolítico eutrófico”. Os dados da caracterização hidrodispersiva com o brometo de potássio (KBr) confirmou o não equilíbrio químico deste com o solo, representando um bom traçador. Houve uma menor lixiviação de P nas colunas com teores semelhantes de Fe e de Al, estando relacionado com o aumento da capacidade de adsorção de P diferentemente das amostras de solo com teores variados de Fe e de Al, que apresentaram um deslocamento de P maior. Capítulo III – “Cinética de sorção do P em Neossolo Regolítico Eutrófico em áreas de agricultura familiar”. A maior taxa de adsorção de P ocorreu nas amostras de solo com teores variados de Fe e de Al, referente ao município de Esperança. Enquanto o comportamento das curvas de dessorção de fosfato, foram idênticas para todas as áreas, independente da adubação com esterco, pois, o fosfato dessorvido diminuiu exponencialmente. As áreas de Esperança, independente de terem sido adubadas ou não apresentaram uma maior taxa de adsorção do fósforo pelos óxidos de Fe e de Al e uma diminuição da lixiviação de P. Nas áreas de Remígio adubadas e não adubadas, com teores de Fe e Al semelhantes, a cinética de adsorção e dessorção do fosfato foi semelhante as de Esperança. As áreas de Remígio apresentaram a taxa de dessorção maior do que a taxa de adsorção e um aumento na lixiviação de P, indicando que essa adsorção foi influenciada pela presença da goethita (Gt) na fração argila, pelas baixas doses de P via adubação orgânica e devido também o próprio solo apresentar teores iniciais de P muito baixo, quando comparado com as áreas de Esperança. Nesse estudo, fica evidente que a lixiviação de P em um solo arenoso, é um risco ambiental, devido a mineralogia do solo apresentar cargas predominantemente negativas.Universidade Federal da ParaíbaBrasilSolos e Engenharia RuralPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Manejo de Solo e ÁguaUFPBFraga, Vânia da Silvahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2053633315197316Corrêa, Marcos MetriLatts não recuperado em 26/08/2019Carneiro, Kalline de Almeida Alves2019-08-26T19:20:02Z2019-08-082019-08-26T19:20:02Z2019-06-06info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesishttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15382porAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPBinstname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)instacron:UFPB2019-08-27T06:06:33Zoai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/15382Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufpb.br/PUBhttp://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/oai/requestdiretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.bropendoar:2019-08-27T06:06:33Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)false
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
title Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
spellingShingle Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
Carneiro, Kalline de Almeida Alves
Lixiviação de P
Cinética de sorção
Mineralogia do RR
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
title_short Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
title_full Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
title_fullStr Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
title_full_unstemmed Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
title_sort Óxido de Fe e Al no deslocamento vertical de P em neossolos regolíticos
author Carneiro, Kalline de Almeida Alves
author_facet Carneiro, Kalline de Almeida Alves
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Fraga, Vânia da Silva
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2053633315197316
Corrêa, Marcos Metri
Latts não recuperado em 26/08/2019
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Carneiro, Kalline de Almeida Alves
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Lixiviação de P
Cinética de sorção
Mineralogia do RR
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
topic Lixiviação de P
Cinética de sorção
Mineralogia do RR
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA
description The family farming areas of the municipalities of Esperança and Remigio, located in the Paraiba State Agreste, present as predominant soil the Regosol, with low availability of P and N, limiting crop productivity. To alleviate these nutrient deficiencies, organic fertilizers, especially cattle manure, are widely used by farmers. However, manure rates are applied empirically, often beyond necessary. Due to the excessive application of manure P is accumulated in the surface layer and released by vertical transport, causing eutrophication that generates economic and environmental damage. Given the above, it is necessary to study the vertical transport of P in the Regosols. Due to the levels of iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al) oxides that can adsorb P, even in small amounts, directly influence the availability of this nutrient in the soil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of Fe and Al oxides on sorption and miscible phosphorus displacement in areas fertilized and not fertilized with bovine manure and to relate them to the mineralogy and physicochemical factors of a eutrophic Regosol of Paraíba State Agreste region. Nine properties of family farmers were selected. Then a simple systematic random sampling was performed with the fixation of ten sampling points for each area, taking deformed soil samples at a depth of 0 - 10 cm, totaling 90 samples. After collection, the soil samples were physicochemical and mineralogical characterization (XRD and FRX). In all soil samples, were determined the sorption parameters of P. To achieve the proposed objectives two experiments were installed: In experiment I - P soil miscible displacement - The potential for P losses in columns of P was evaluated in fertilized and non-fertilized areas with bovine manure, and the influence of the amorphous and crystalline Fe and Al oxides contents on P. In experiment II - Soil samples from the nine selected areas were packed in columns and hydrodispersive soil characterization was performed using KBr. The miscible P displacement, native plus the inorganic P (P pulse), was evaluated in the vertical transport of P in the soil samples of the nine selected areas, whose numerical adjustment was performed using the Stanmod software. After the miscible displacement of P the column soils were used to determine P desorption by successive extraction of P adsorbed with the use of iron strips. The data from experiment II were submitted to first order pseudo-equation k-adsorption and desorption kinetic models. With the results of soil physical, chemical and mineralogical analyzes, and of experiments I and II, it was possible to organize three chapters: Chapter I - “Leaching of xviii P in Regosols in Family Farming Areas of the Semiarid Region”: In all areas it was observed that most of the P was removed up to 20 pore volume, which is equivalent to 40 mm of water monthly precipitation. High rates of manure for consecutive years resulted in a high loss of soil phosphorus (> 6.0 mg L-1). Chapter II - “P transport dynamics in Eutrophic Regosol”. The hydrodispersive characterization data with potassium bromide (KBr) confirmed its chemical non-equilibrium with the soil, representing a good tracer. There was a lower P leaching in columns with similar Fe and Al contents, being related to the increase of P adsorption capacity unlike the soil samples with varied Fe and Al contents, which presented a higher P displacement. Chapter III - "P sorption kinetics in Eutrophic Regosol in family farming areas". The highest P adsorption rate occurred in soil samples with varying Fe and Al contents, referring to the municipality of Esperança. While the behavior of phosphate desorption curves were identical for all areas, regardless of manure fertilization, desorbed phosphate decreased exponentially. The areas of Esperança, regardless of whether they were fertilized or not, showed a higher rate of phosphorus adsorption by Fe and Al oxides and a decrease in P. leaching. In the fertilized and non-fertilized areas in Remigio with similar Fe and Al contents, the kinetics of phosphate adsorption and desorption were similar to those of Esperança. Remigio areas showed higher desorption rate than adsorption rate and an increase in P leaching, indicating that this adsorption was influenced by the presence of goethite (Gt) in the clay fraction, by the low rates of P via organic fertilization and also because the soil itself has very low initial P levels when compared to the areas of Esperança. In this study, it is evident that the P leaching in a sandy soil is an environmental risk, because the soil mineralogy presents predominantly negative charges.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019-08-26T19:20:02Z
2019-08-08
2019-08-26T19:20:02Z
2019-06-06
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15382
url https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/15382
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Brazil
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/br/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Brasil
Solos e Engenharia Rural
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Manejo de Solo e Água
UFPB
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Brasil
Solos e Engenharia Rural
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Manejo de Solo e Água
UFPB
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
instname:Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
instacron:UFPB
instname_str Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
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reponame_str Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
collection Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
repository.name.fl_str_mv Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB - Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB)
repository.mail.fl_str_mv diretoria@ufpb.br|| diretoria@ufpb.br
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