Estudo fitoquímico de Neocalyptrocalyx longifolium Mart. Cornejo & Iltis (CAPPARACEAE)

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Thalisson Amorim de
• Data de Publicação: 2020
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/20374
• topic: Caatinga; Oxazolidina-2-tiona; Neocalyptrocalyx longifolium (incó); Fitoquímica; Capparaceae; Phytochemistry; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA

Caatinga is an ecosystem found exclusively in the northeastern region of Brazil, occupying a large geographical area, about 60% of its total area. Historically this biome has been associated with drought, in the 19th century von Martius defined it as “a leafless forest in summer“. However, nowadays this perspective has changed and its biodiversity have been recognized, it is estimated that the Caatinga counts with 1159 endemic species, among them, several have medicinal uses described from the popular and traditional knowledge. Among the families of plants adapted to the typical conditions of this phytogeographic domain Capparaceae appears as one of the main ones, due to its number of widely distributed species and its use in popular medicine. Commonly known as "incó" Neocalytrocalix longifolium Mart. Cornejo & Iltis (syn. Capparis jacobinae, Cholicodendron longifolium) is endemic to northeastern Brazil and indicated for the treatment of several diseases such as; digestive problems, abdominal pain, intoxication, fever, diabetes, inflammation, lung, heart and emenagogue problems. Despite the vast indication, there are no reports in the literature on its chemical composition. Thus, the objective of this work is to isolate and identify the substances present in N. longifolium. The plant material, composed of underground parts, was collected in the State of Paraíba, identified by Prof. Dr. José Iranildo Miranda and stored as a voucher at Herbário Manuel de Arruda Câmara of the State University of Paraíba, registered at Sisgen under number A885D6F. The root was dried, pulverized and extracted in ethanol. The solution used was concentrated in an evaporator under reduced pressure at 40 ° C. Then, the extract was partitioned, adding solvents increasing the polarity order. The solutions were concentrated, and the dichloromethane phase fractionated by means of a chromatographic column, on silica gel with hexane and ethyl acetate in a gradient. After that, the fractions were purified by HPLC using MeOH / H2Oac as the mobile phase. The samples were analyzed by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and their molecular formula confirmed by high resolution mass spectrometry. The results allowed the identification of 5-dimethyl, 5-ethyl-5methyl oxazolidine-2-one and 5-dimethyl, 5-ethyl-5methyl oxazolidine-2-thione and syringic acid all isolated for the first time in this genus. This study contributes to expand the knowledge about Neotropical Capparaceae species endemic in the Brazilian semiarid region.