Vulnerabilidade ambiental no município de Lucena na zona costeira do estado da Paraíba relacionada às mudanças no uso e ocupação do solo e seus impactos na erosão e no armazenamento de carbono

• Autor(a) principal: Bezerra, Ivanhoé Soares
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29188
• topic: Desmatamento; Mata Atlântica; Zona costeira; Ordenamento territorial; Perda de solos; Estoque de carbono; Deforestation; Atlantic forest; Coastal area; Territorial planning; Soil loss; Carbon stock; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA CIVIL

The municipality of Lucena, in the northern coastal area of the state of Paraiba, has been the object of of transformations of its geographical space in the last decades, regarding the intense deforestation process of the Atlantic Forest (AF), for the implementation of agriculture and urbanization. This process can be explained with the development process influence that occurred in the last decades and, on the other hand, by the regulation related to the Brazilian Territorial Planning System (TPS). The impacts derived from the transformations were evaluated through changes in the carbon storage capacity and the consequent contribution to global warming, and in the vulnerability to soil loss through erosive processes. In this sense, this thesis refers to a research on environmental vulnerability in the city of Lucena, using technologies such as; remote sensing, Geographic Information System (GIS), cellular automata models and descriptive and inductive statistics of influential variables, using detailed surveys of natural resources and anthropized areas. It aimed to investigate the degres of negative environmental impacts in the municipality, related to the referred phenomena, resulting from the dynamics of land use and occupation, considering past and future scenarios. As main results it was observed that 63.77% of the area of the territory of the municipality of Lucena was modified in the period from 1972 to 2018, where the IOT related to agricultural development were largely responsible for the evolution of the areas for agricultural exploration, mainly in the 1972 to 2005, and, in an indirectly way, for the urban expansion of the municipality. The predictive analysis camed out for the years 2030 and 2040 Indicated a growth trend in the urban area, highlighting the occupation along the coastal plain and in the most eastern portion of the Coastal Board. This trend will consequently reduce the retention capacity per hectare of the total carbon stock. It is estimated that by the year 2040 there will be a reduction of 37.65% of the storage inferred to the year 2018 Howwer, until the year 2040, there sheredet henn significant changes in the levels of vulnerability to soil loss in relation to those observed in 2018, with the maintenance of vulnerability levels estimated in 90% of the area. It was also concluded that the municipality was strongly impacted by the deforestation of the Atlantic Forest from 1972 to 2018 and whose trend until the year 2040 is to maintain this process, even if at a stower pace, which raisirs the need for the development of public policies to minimize environmental consequences.