A influência das informações repassadas pela mídia na descentração social de julgamentos sociomorais

• Autor(a) principal: Abreu, Eloá Losano de
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/9106
• topic: Descentração; Julgamentos Sociomorais; Adolescentes; Decentration; Sociomoral Judgments; Adolescents; CIENCIAS HUMANAS::PSICOLOGIA

The purpose of this thesis was to verify the influence of the information transmitted by the media in the socioaffective decentration of the judgments on adolescents involved in infractions. More specifically, it was asked if the type and amount of information provided on the problem of adolescents involved in offending acts would promote a greater manifestation of social perspective and empathy among participants.. As a theoretical contribution, Piaget's theories of decentration were used, and the perspective taking models of Flavell and Selman and empathy‟s model of Hoffman. This work consisted of an exploratory research of quasi-experimental design using four groups. The experimental treatment differentiated the amount of information provided to the groups: Group 1: received information on the statistics of violence committed by adolescents in Brazil; Group 2: received the same information from Group 1 plus information about the life context of adolescents involved in infractions; Group 3: received the information from Group 1 more information about the treatment offered to adolescents in the resocialization units and finally, Group 4: received all the information provided to the other groups. The information provided for each group was presented through videos with television reports on real cases. Considering a variation in the decentration of the arguments to analyze the situation according to the type of information provided to the groups, it was expected that the groups that received more information presented arguments with greater social perspective and empathy when analyzing the social question. Twenty-six university students, ranging in age from 17 to 28, were divided into four groups. As instruments, a biodemographic questionnaire and an Interview on Social Thought were used, an open instrument with questions that approached the topic of adolescents involved in infractions. The interview asked participants for their opinion on the causes of violence committed by adolescents, the responsibilities of government and society in solving this social problem, besides an analysis on the influence of the life context of the adolescents and the judicial treatment received by the adolescents when they are involved in infractions.. The conduction of the activities in each group consisted of two moments: first, the participants of each group watched the selected video for their experimental condition and responded individually to the interview; followed by a collective discussion about participants' responses to some of the interview questions. To analyze the data, a content analysis of the individual responses of the interview was performed. The group discussions were transcribed and also underwent a lexical analysis performed through Alceste software. In this analysis, two procedures were performed: standard analysis and cross-analysis (tri-croisé). The content analysis allowed to identify an influence of the contents presented to each group in the answers of the participants, varying according to the theme of the question answered by them. The group that received the most information and the group that received the information about the conditions of the resocialization units presented, in general, the responses with more social perspective and more manifestations of empathic affections. As regards Alceste, the standard analysis distributed the responses in three, which distributed participants' responses on two main axes, referring to a more abstract discussion of justice and punishment of adolescents, on the one hand, and the Concrete actions that must be taken to improve the living conditions of these young people. Cross-analysis presented the most relevant lexical contents within each group. In the Group 1 class, there was an emphasis on the need to empathize with the situation of adolescents, who do not have a positive outlook for the future. In Group 2 the answers centered on the lack of basic living conditions of these adolescents to sustain themselves in an honest way, and the emphasis on the need of public policies that help to solve these problems. Group 3 presented responses focused on the treatment received by adolescents when they were admitted to resuscitation institutions. Participants indicated the difficulty of re-socialization of adolescents due to the quality of institutions and professionals working in the institutions, and the need for changes in their way of functioning. Group 4 highlighted the responses that emphasized both the importance of public policies to reduce social inequality and an analysis of the effects of treatment received by adolescents in resuscitation units, with a greater emphasis on this second aspect. In conclusion, it was observed that the groups presented responses with content related to the experimental treatment and, with regard to the main objective of this thesis, it was possible to identify an influence of the information in the socio-affective decentration of the participants. The implications of the results for the study area of Social Cognition and for future studies are presented in the discussion.