Componentes de crescimento do pinhão manso (Jatropha curcas L.) em função adubação mineral e da poda

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Suenildo Jósemo Costa
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/8207
• topic: Adubação; Fertilization; Biodiesel; Fitomassa; Nitrogênio; biodiesel; Phytomass; CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

Currently, due to climate change, there is a major emerging trend to use agricultural products as substitutes for fossil fuels. We find then that the search for environmentally safe energy sources has become a focal point and where the incentive to use these sources of energy (especially biodiesel) is beginning to receive attention from federal, state and municipal levels of government. The physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) is a multipurpose plant, a producer of oil (average of 37%) with all the qualities needed to be converted into biodiesel, making it noteble as a probable source as an alternative supply of raw material. This conclusion is based on the expectation that the plant has high concentration of vegetable oil, low cost of production, can be cultivated throughout the year, and can subsist in areas of limited rainfall and/or limited water sources. The objective of this study was to acquire information and a better understanding about the proper management techniques of cultured physic nut using mineral fertilization and appropriate time of pruning; which, in turn, should aid in the increased productivity and provide new technical information. The research was conducted at EMBRAPA-Algodão in the city of Campina Grande-PB, under conditions of natural environment. The soil used in the experiment was a Typic Regolithic and the treatments were formed by 4 doses of nitrogen fertilizer (urea) 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1 and 5 periods of pruning (0, 15, 20, 25 and 30 Insertions leaf). The variables studied for fresh phytomass epigeous were: stem height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area. The variables for the dry mass were dry and epigeous hypogeal: dry leaves, stem and root. The use of the fertilization and pruning resulted in growth of phytomass and epigeous hypogeal with increases in height, stem diameter, number of leaves and leaf area of 111.54%, 19.43%, 714.00% and 424, 00%, respectively, and in increases dry the leaves, stem and root of 146.79%, 14.84% and 12.25% respectively, when compared to the plants which were not fertilized and not pruned. Based on research data, we can conclude that the physic nut responded very well to nitrogen fertilization resulting in significant gains in biomass and epigeous hypogeal when fertilized with urea at a dose of 80 kg ha-1 and pruning with 25 leaf inserts. Although the practice of pruning the plant helped increment gains in biomass epigeous and hypogeal in addition to obtaining a better crown, it was shown that this practice should only be implemented when combined with nitrogen fertilization.