Heterogeneidade das comunidades de morcegos da Mata Atlântica brasileira

• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Emmanuel Messias Vilar Gonçalves da
• Data de Publicação: 2015
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/9721
• topic: Betadiversidade; Biogeography; Chiroptera; Metacommunity; CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::ZOOLOGIA

The Atlantic Forest is home bristle 1-8% of all the flora and fauna of the world. In particular bats this biome represent about 64% of all species of bats in Brazil. Data on the composition and abundance of species of bat communities have never been synthesized and analyzed, as well as data about the spatial distribution and structure of bat communities in this biome, especially as their dissimilarity in a meta community perspective that can be broadly defined as a set of ecological communities in different locations (potentially, but not necessarily connected by dispersion), while a community is a group of species in a given location. In view of this I sought to evaluate the spatial pattern of collections made in this biome and the structuring of bat communities along the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, as its beta diversity. Therefore gather a database of 57 articles totaling 342 locations through literature review. Realized statistics focused on spatial distribution of sampling, the sampling effort (median: 19140h.m²) and for the analysis of beta diversity and metacomunidades. The results show that there are collections across the Atlantic Forest with higher density in PR outbreaks, south of Rio de Janeiro, PB-PE, south of Bahia. Sampling gaps are reported in ES, AL, CS and RS. The bat communities along the Brazilian Atlantic Forest has a high heterogeneity (~0.9) mainly due to the turnover component and a low component of nesting. This result is valid for analysis in four spatial scales: locations, grid 2.5°, 5 and between 4 biogeographic regions of the Atlantic. The structure of arrays of occurrence of species per sample unit (as defined above) presentam a random structure (non-coherent) without latitudinal gradient. Four inventories were conducted in four biogeographical regions of the Atlantic Forest biome within the project Network Inventory: diversity patterns, biogeography and endemic species of mammals, birds, amphibians, fruit flies and parasites in the Atlantic Forest (CNPq / PPBIO) in the rainy season totaling a 99.600 h.m² effort. 935 bats were collected, and tissue samples for DNA extraction purpose and parasitological diagnosis of trypanosomes (T. cruzi et Leishmania spp.), Hantavirus and helminths. The place with the highest species richness was the APA Pratigi BA, followed by Rebio Guaribas, PB; Serra dos Orãos, RJ State Park and the Sierra Board, SC. Recorded the first occurrence of the bat Ametrida centurio Grey, 1847 for the Atlantic Forest, extending its distribution in more than 1000 km. The specimen was collected using canopy networks to 9m in REBIO Guaribas.