Subjetividade e mundo da vida: a solução husserliana para a crise das ciências europeias

• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, Caio Lívio Sulpino
• Data de Publicação: 2019
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/19503
• topic: Husserl; Fenomenologia; Krisis; Mundo da vida; Subjetividade; Phenomenology; Lifeworld; Subjectivity; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::FILOSOFIA

This present work aims to compose a thematic meeting of Husserl’s concepts, emphasizing his last phase, the Krisis, in order to approach Phenomenology as a philosophy focused on freedom and on the outbreak of a renewed sense of knowledge. For Husserl, science is an integral part of the origin and destiny of European humanity, as a living decision. The condition of choice, part of a dilemma, seems to highlight a dubious point in the relation between the scientific claim for explaining the phenomena of the world objectively, and the application of this will-method to the subjectivity of the Self. On this second sense, we have a science subjectively taken by Phenomenology, representing an strict and analytical science accurate to other epistemological models. A philosophical science used to the perception of what comes to human knowledge itself. This way, if scientific knowledge is, as Husserl observes, both the investigation of ways of knowing the world, as it is a world of acknowledgement of forms – duality presented in the concept of Lifeworld –, we take this dual direction as a clue to deal with The Crisis of European Sciences. On this Husserlian work, the new science stands, on one side, phenomenologically guided by subjectivity superimposed on objectivism; and Europe stands by another, thought by Husserl as a spiritual and cultural continent, destined for an infinite task by science. Besides them, it lies the lifeworld, the ontology of intentional and constituent consciousness, set on presence and changeable in meaning, consciousness out of itself. Then, we ask: what does the crisis of the european sciences represent for Husserl? What are the implications of the lifeworld for a freewill subjectivectivity? What does one see when one looks at the world through decision-making eyes on a world searching for sense? In order to reach the problem safely, we hope to meet three goals. The first one is to discuss the relations of the crisis in the cognitive field for Husserl, exposing its meaning in the context of Psychology. Second, to conceptualize lifeworld, showing how the transcendental world needs to question (epoché) a given reality. Finally, to articulate the nuances of transcendental subjectivity, performing the reflection of the limits of Husserl by means of crossing his ideas.