Impactos do Programa Nacional de Produção e uso de Biosiesel e a organização do espaço agrário nordestino

• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Ana Paula Lopes de
• Data de Publicação: 2009
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/tede/5032
• topic: Agricultura familiar; Biodiesel; Mamona; Nordeste; Soja; Family Agriculture; Biodiesel; Castor; Brazil Northeast; Soy; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA

The National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB) was created in 2004 which aim is to producing biodiesel in a sustainable way and promote social inclusion of family agriculture to the production chain of biodiesel. The main of this dissertation is to investigate the impacts of PNPB for the use of agricultural land Northeast of the area. For this, a studying was made about the brazilian policy of biodiesel production, mapping the raw materials of agricultural energy sources (castor bean and soybean) in micro-regions of Northeast Brazil, applying the Model Zockun, besides the estimation of the number of jobs created with the cultivation of such crops. The results showed that PNPB is very effective in order to the proposed target in the program, the addition of 5% biodiesel to diesel to be achieved by 2013. However, the possibility of social inclusion doesn´t seem to be the main trend of the program, because the production of biodiesel is heavily concentrated in soybeans as raw material (77%). As for its impact on the use of soil, it was found that soybean production is concentrated in the Northeast West Bahia (in micro-regions of Barreiras and Santa Maria da Vitória), in the South of Maranhão (in micro-regions of Chapadas das Mangabeiras and Gerais de Balsas), and in the South of Piauí (in micro-regions of Alto Parnaíba in Piaui, Alto Médio Gurguéia and Bertolínea). In the case of castor, although be production in all states of the Northeast (with the exception of Sergipe), only Bahia has production with regional representation. The main producers of castor are the micro-regions of Irecê and Jacobina, followed by Senhor do Bonfim and Seabra Cities. The introduction of soy in northeastern Brazil has led to the expansion of use of land as evidenced by expansion of cultivated area of the system and also, although in a lesser extent, by the substitution of soy at the expense of subsistence crops. The castor had little effect over the expansion of cultivated area of the system and on the substitution of products for subsistence. There was low generation of employment in the soy crop due to its high mechanization. The castor, though has lower production, employing a larger number of people is seen that is a crop cultivated manually. The case studies realized in Cafarnaum-BA e Pocinhos-PB districts showed that agriculture families are facing difficulties, standing out the lack of government support and technical assistance . Nevertheless, the household production of castor ensures bigger levels of revenue than traditional crops. So this is the importance of the agriculture families of the semi-arid region.