Produção e qualidade de sementes de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) sob diferentes doses de fósforo aplicadas ao solo

• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, João Carlos Pinto
• Data de Publicação: 2011
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1510
• topic: Germinação; Folha bandeira; Rendimento de engenho; Germination; Flag leaf; Perfect grains; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA::PRODUCAO E BENEFICIAMENTO DE SEMENTES

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality and the yield compounds of seed of rice when different levels of phosphorus are applied to the soil. The utilization of rock phosphates as source of phosphorus on rice crop has been a growing recommendation, considering the low availability of phosphorus in the system. Besides the majority of bibliographies do not report any effect on grain yield with higher levels of phosphorus in the soil, there is no information on how the seeds of flooding rice behave with respect to the quality and components of production under these conditions. The soil was prepared in the conventional method and fertilized before sowing according the analysis recommendation of soil (55kg.ha-1 of K2O in form of KCl) and phosphorus in form of rock phosphate in the levels: zero, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90kg.ha-1 of P2O5 and 90kg.ha-1 of nitrogen in surface dressing in form of urea in two times. It was used cv. BRS Querência in sowing density of 90kg.ha-1 of viable seeds, sowed on November, 23, 2007. The experiment was carried out in Estação de Terras Baixas of Embrapa Clima Temperado and at the Laboratory of Seed Analysis Flávio Farias Rocha of Agronomy College at the Universidade Federal de Pelotas. The analysis of flag leaf was carried out in Plant Nutrition Laboratory of Embrapa Clima Temperado. The experimental design was with randomized complete blocks design with four repetitions. The seeds were harvest on April, 2, 2008 and presented 23% of moisture, and they dried in a forced-air stationary dryer at 40oC until 15% of moisture. It was evaluated for seed yield per hectare, yield compounds and the levels of phosphorus in a flag leaf, collected at the flowering stage. Two germination tests were carried out 90 and 450 days after the harvest. The last one was considered as a vigor test in seeds harvested and stored. The seed yield per hectare and the percent of germination in vigor test showed fit quadratic regression models. The percent of perfect grains and the levels of phosphorus and magnesium in flag leaves fit linear regression models. A significant correlation was found (P<0.05%) between phosphorus and magnesium levels in flag leaves and the percentage of germination in vigor test. The use of Arad rock phosphate affected the yield and quality of rice seeds on Planossoil of Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul.