Variabilidade da composição química em grãos de aveia branca (Avena sativa L.).

• Autor(a) principal: Silveira, Solange Ferreira da Silveira
• Data de Publicação: 2012
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/1151
• topic: Qualidade nutricional; População segregante; Correlações; β; Glucanas; Análise de médias; Nutritional quality; Glucans; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

With a good chemical composition of grains, oats are appropriate for human and animal consumption, as an alternative to supplie the demand for functional foods. In this context breeding programs of oats need to understand the dynamics of the characters related to chemical quality of the grain in order to provide the consumers, cultivars with high nutritional quality, adequate for the purpose intended. This study aimed to increase knowledge about the chemical components of oat grains, seeking to evaluate the correlation between these characters and to characterize the cultivars. Experiments were conducted with two segregating populations at the in the experimental field of the Plant Genomics and Breeding Center (FAEM / UFPel) located in the municipality of Capão do Leão/RS and cultivars grown in Capão do Leão and Passo Fundo/RS. One of the populations was generated from crosses between the IAC 7 x UFRGS 19 and the other population was generated from crosses between UPF 15 and ALBASUL. The cultivars adopted in this study were: FAPA Louise, URS FAPA Slava, URS Taura, URS Torena, URS 21, Barbarasul, URS 22, URS Charrua, URS Guapa, Brisasul, FAEM 4 - Carlasul, FAEM 5 - Chiarasul, FAEM 6 - Dilmasul , UPFA Gaudéria and URS Guria. Chemical analyzes were done by near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The characters evaluated were the contents of proteins, lipids, total dietary fiber, insoluble fiber, soluble fiber, β-glucans, and carbohydrate. We conducted descriptive analyzes, we sought by associations between traits and we characterized the cultivar s chemical composition of the grains. The populations studied behaved differently in the average performance of the characters, but both populations had transgressive segregants individuals and they showed that the characters content of lipid and of β-glucans have the greatest loss of vigor. Correlation studies revealed that the characters content of lipid and content of total fiber, content of lipid and carbohydrate, protein and content of insoluble fiber, content of total fiber and content of insoluble fiber, carbohydrate and protein, carbohydrate and content of total fiber and carbohydrates and content of insoluble fiber were associated in different genetic constitutions and in different cultivars. The content of carbohydrate is the caracter that showed the most significant and negative correlations with other characters. For feeding animals include The cultivars Barbarasul and Louise FAPA are suitable to feed animals because they have high content of lipids. Cultivars Brisasul and UPFA Gaudéria were superior to the contents of β-glucans and the cultivars URS 22 and URS 21 had more contents of proteins in oats. These cultivars can be explored in relation to the components for the consumption and or compose hybridization blocks that aim to obtain a genetic constitution with high levels of β-glucans and proteins simultaneously.