Caracterização do microclima de ambiente protegido cultivado com feijão-vagem

• Autor(a) principal: Bohmer, Clênio Renê Kurz
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2395
• topic: Ambiente protegido; Microclima; Phaseolus vulgaris L; Protected environment; Microclimate; Phaseolus vulgaris L; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA

The protected environment changes the meteorological elements in its interior related to the outward environment. The french-beans culture is considered a high risk one, being so sensitive to adverse meteorological conditions. The cultivation in protected environment may become viable the production in South Region under unfavorable year period. Due to the exposed before, the present paper had the aim of verifying whether the microclimate conditions from the protected environment refer to the french-beans culture in autumn period. The protected environment was cultivated with green beans named Macarrão Baixo , from March to June 2007 period in Pelotas Federal University. A data purchasing system (Microlloger) performed readings through meteorological variable sensors in the interior of the environment. These data were compared to the Agroclimatological Station data in Pelotas (EAPel) - EMBRAPA/UFPel convention. The global solar radiation in the interior of the protected environment was 85,07% averaged from the global solar radiation in exterior as well in 28 days became below the trofic limit for vegetables. In the interior of the protected environment, the air temperature average was 18,8oC, being inside of the recommended values for the culture in the germination and vegetative development periods. In the flowering-fructification period, it took inferior values as recommended. The soil medium temperature was 25,3oC, being inside of the recommended values. The air relative humidity presented an 89,9% average, being above the recommended every day. The radiation balance decreased with the winter proximity, presenting a 4,1MJ m-2 day-1 average, being that 81,7% was converted into latent heat of evaporation and 18,3% in sensitive heat. The radiation balance was divided into an average between 7,14MJ m-2 day-1 of short wave radiation of and 3,04MJ m-2 day-1 of long wave radiation. The crop albedo was variable during the cycle, increasing until fructification period and decreasing due to the senescence and leaf dropping. The evapotranspiration in medium reference by FAO method and Pan method they were 1,21 and 1,50mm day-1, respectively. The entire hydric consumption was 80,63mm, which resulted in a 0,79 culture coefficient. The entire cycle of culture was 84 days, presenting a 6,03Mg ha-1, maximum foliar area index of 1,11; with 262,88g fresh matter and 34,14g dry matter for plant. The solar radiation energetic yield and the maximum photosynthetically active solar radiation were 0,2 and 0,5g MJ-1, respectively. The microclimate of the protected environment solved the culture needs until the final of April, as from May began the 9 occurrence of inferior temperatures to the recommended limit as well the levels of global solar radiation inciding inferior to the trofic limit.