Cárie dentária em pré-escolares: prevalência, severidade e fatores associados

• Autor(a) principal: Furtado, Vanessa Dorneles
• Data de Publicação: 2008
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPel - Guaiaca
• Texto Completo: http://repositorio.ufpel.edu.br/handle/ri/2216
• topic: Cárie dentária; Dentição decídua; Epidemiologia; Saúde bucal; Dental caries; Primary dentition; Epidemiology; Oral health; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ODONTOLOGIA::ODONTOPEDIATRIA

AIM: To evaluate pre-school children caries prevalence related to demographic (sex, age), socioeconomic (schooling, family income and kind of school), behavioral (sugar-intake and hygiene) and biological (visible plaque occurrence) factors. METHODOLOGY: Observational cross-sectional study of primary teeth stage children from 1 to 5 years of age enrolled at pre-school level in Pelotas RS. A semistructured questionnaire which focused on demographic, socioeconomic and family behavior related variables was devised for children s parents. Physical exams were performed by three trained and qualified examiners and the dmft (decayed missing filled teeth) WHO index was adopted as a condition diagnosis criterion, including enamel lesions (dmft m) as well as severity dmft m = 0,1-4≥5. RESULTS: Of a total of 570 children examined, 71,4% and 50,9% were caries-free, taking into account the dmft and dmft m indices, respectively. There was an increase in the dmft m index in older children; this also occurred when enamel lesions were included; 38% of the five year old children group were caries-free. From the adjusted analysis, due to prevalence, there was an association between the condition occurrence and age (P<0,001) in the 3-year-old children group, who had a 2,5 fold higher chance of developing caries than those aged 1. There was a reverse association with family income (P = 0,009) and maternal schooling (P = 0,001). Plaque accumulation, when it occurred, increased the condition risk in over 100% (P<0,001). On average, 19,6% of the children showed dmft m ≥ 5, and this increased as children grew older, as well as with dental plaque occurrence, and decreased when there was greater maternal schooling. CONCLUSIONS: The child s buccal health is directly associated with age, maternal schooling, family income and bacterial plaque occurrence, and this proves the relevance of family socioeconomic factors in the dental caries process, surpassing biological aspects, to effectively reach buccal health and a greater quality of life