CLIMATE AND ZONAL SOIL DISTRIBUTION IN RIO GRANDE DO SUL - BRAZIL

• Autor(a) principal: Becker, Elsbeth Léia Spode
• Data de Publicação: 2017
• Outros Autores: Buriol, Galileo Adeli, Streck, Nereu Augusto
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Revista Geografar
• Texto Completo: https://revistas.ufpr.br/geografar/article/view/44633
• topic: Lateríticos; Pedalférricos; Latossolos.; Keywords: Laterites; Pedalfers; Latossols

The weather has great influence on the soils formation, besides the integrated action of factors as source material, relief, organisms and time. The zonal soils are formed when the weather is a major factor in weathering. This study aimed to highlight the zonal soils of Rio Grande do Sul and determine its location. The spatial distribution of climate resources for the development of zonal soils was performed using the annual averages, the annual average of total pluvial precipitation and the annual average of air temperature, between 1931 and 1960 of 41 weather stations of the 8th Meteorology District (8 DISME). It was found that the zonal soils of Rio Grande do Sul comprehend Lateritic soils and Pedalférricos soils. Soils of very humid climate are located in the northern half of the state with annual average of total pluvial precipitation above 1,500 mm and are represented by Lateritic soils predominantly Oxisols. The Pedalférricos occur preferentially in temperate regions and are described as soils with pronounced leaching occurring in chemical weathering conditions with annual average of total pluvial precipitation above 600mm. In Rio Grande do Sul the ideal climatic conditions for the formation of these soils are recorded at meteorological stations located in Central Depression (with the exception of stations of Santa Maria and Santa Cruz do Sul), in South-Riograndense Shield (with the exception of Cacapava do Sul), in the coastal plain and in the North of Rio Grande Plateau just Vacaria region and are represented predominantly by Neossolos and Cambisols.Keywords: Laterites; Pedalfers; Latossols.