Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Danielle dos Santos de
Data de Publicação: 2002
Tipo de documento: Dissertação
Idioma: por
Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFPR
Texto Completo: https://hdl.handle.net/1884/25217
Resumo: Orientador:Antonio Carlos Batista
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spelling Batista, Antonio Carlos, 1956-Oliveira, Danielle dos Santos deThis work was developed in Três Barras, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in a region composed of pine and eucalyptus plantations and indigenous vegetation. The objective of the research was to build a forest fire risk map through the integrated analysis of human presence, vegetation cover, fuel load, slope gradient and aspect, and predominant winds. For this analysis the Geographical Information System (GIS) was used. The information about the human presence in the region was obtained from the analysis of ortophotos and field records. The vegetation cover was retrieved from available data base. For the estimation of fuel load, mathematical models developed for pine and eucalyptus plantations and literature information for the exploited areas and indigenous vegetation were used. The slope gradient and aspect were obtained from the land digital model analysis. The predominant winds were obtained from daily meteorological ten-year period records. The influence of precipitation, temperature and air humidity over predominant winds was also analyzed. The fire records information were assembled in archives (date, region, stand, cause, burned area, time, firefighting efforts). Also were inserted information about studied factors for all the analyzed stands. From the archives analysis it was observed that all fires occurred in period of 1984 to 2001 were from human activities, and the mean burned area was inferior to the mean burned area for Santa Catarina State and Brazil. Based on literature information and acquired data, classification tables according to fire risk for each studied factors were prepared. From this classification it was possible to elaborate thematic fire risk maps. The results of the human presence analysis showed that 27,7% of the area suffered from some kind of influence. Considering the vegetation cover, the results showed that 66% of the area corresponding to pine plantation was classified as extreme risk. As to the fuel load, around 38,7% of the area represent high risk and 50% moderate risk. In relation to the slope gradient, it was observed that the majority of the area (99,6%) presents null and low risk. Analyzing the slope aspect, it was noticed that the areas which present higher risk were directed to the N (extreme risk), NW and W (very high risk) and NE (high risk), which correspond to 50% of the total area. Considering the predominant winds it was observed that 25,2% of the total area was under influence of NE and NW winds with apparently dryer characteristics, and 14,5% of the area was under the influence of winds from SE and SW with apparently higher moisture content. Through the application of correlation analysis the weights of each factor were calculated. The final stage of this work was the construction of a risk map, resulted from the superposition of various thematic maps developed in the previous stage. The fire risk map obtained from the correlation analysis between the environmental conditions and the local fire occurrences showed that 51,7% of the area was under low risk and 29,2% under moderate risk. However, the final map was highly influenced by the weighted model, being necessary a very discerning analysis of the environmental conditions associated to the forest fire occurrences in the region. Key-words: Wildfires; Fire risk map; GIS; Forest Protection.2022-11-28T12:49:07Z2022-11-28T12:49:07Z2002Brochhttps://hdl.handle.net/1884/25217Orientador:Antonio Carlos BatistaDissertação(mestrado)- Universidade Federal do Paraná. Setor de Ciências Agrárias. Curso de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia FlorestalInclui bibliografiaÁrea de concentração: Conservação da naturezaEste trabalho foi desenvolvido em Três Barras-SC, em uma região composta por plantios de pinus, eucalipto, araucária e vegetação nativa, tendo como objetivo fazer o zoneamento de risco de incêndio considerando o efeito integrado da presença humana, cobertura vegetal, quantidade de material combustível, declividade do terreno, orientação das encostas e ventos predominantes. Para esta análise utilizou-se um Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG). A presença humana na região foi identificada a partir das ortofotos existentes e cadastro em campo. A cobertura vegetal foi obtida diretamente do banco de dados existente. Com relação ao material combustível, utilizaram-se modelos para estimar a carga acumulada sobre o piso da floresta quando se tratava de plantios de pinus e eucalipto, e valores de referência para áreas de corte raso e vegetação nativa. A declividade e a orientação das encostas foram extraídas a partir do modelo tridimensional do terreno. Os ventos predominantes foram identificados a partir da análise de registros meteorológicos diários e investigando-se também suas relações com a precipitação, umidade relativa e temperatura média do ar. As informações dos registros de incêndio foram reunidos em uma planilha (data, região/talhão atingido, causa, área queimada, duração, força de combate). Nesta planilha foram agregadas informações sobre as variáveis em estudo para todos os talhões atingidos. A partir da análise desta planilha observou-se que todos os incêndios ocorridos no período de 1984 a 2001 se deveram à ação humana e a área queimada média foi inferior aos valores médios encontrados para o estado (SC) e para o país. Em seguida, com base na revisão bibliográfica e nos dados coletados, foram preparadas tabelas de classificação segundo o risco de incêndio para cada uma das variáveis em estudo. Estas tabelas foram aplicadas a cada um dos mapas donde surgiram os mapas de risco preliminares. A análise da presença humana na região indicou que 27,7% da área sofre algum tipo de influência. Considerando a cobertura vegetal, observa-se que 66% da área foi classificada como risco extremo correspondendo aos plantios de pinus. Segundo o material combustível, cerca de 38,7% da área apresentou risco alto e aproximadamente 50% risco moderado. Com relação à declividade do terreno observou-se que a maioria da área (99,6%) apresentou risco nulo e baixo. Analisandose a orientação das encostas, observou-se que as áreas que apresentaram maior risco estão voltadas para as direções N (risco extremo), NW e W (Risco muito alto) e NE (risco alto), que correspondem a 50% da área total. Considerando os ventos predominantes observou-se que 25,2% da área total estava sob influência de ventos NE e NW, com características aparentemente mais secas e 14,5% da área está sob influência de ventos SE e SW com características aparentemente mais úmidas. Na seqüência, com a aplicação de uma análise de correlação foram definidos os pesos de cada uma das variáveis. Os mapas foram sobrepostos e o resultado deste cruzamento de informações resultou no zoneamento de risco. De acordo com o modelo de ponderação proposto, observou-se que a maioria da área se encontrava classificada como risco baixo (51,7%) e moderado (29,2%). Entretanto, os resultados obtidos a partir da integração dos mapas de risco preliminares são muito sensíveis às variáveis utilizadas na análise e aos pesos atribuídos. Palavras chave: Incêndios florestais; Zoneamento; Sistemas de Informação Geográfica; Proteção Florestal.113f.:il.;mapas color.application/pdfIncendios florestais - Santa CatarinaIncendios florestais - PrevisãoSistemas de informação geográficaTesesZoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarinainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisporreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPRinstname:Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR)instacron:UFPRinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessORIGINALD - OLIVEIRA, DANIELLE DOS SANTOS DE.pdfapplication/pdf7917219https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/bitstream/1884/25217/1/D%20-%20OLIVEIRA%2c%20DANIELLE%20DOS%20SANTOS%20DE.pdf55fc8f790701168000b7c5fa0be4054cMD51open accessTEXTD - OLIVEIRA, DANIELLE DOS SANTOS DE.pdf.txtExtracted Texttext/plain191582https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/bitstream/1884/25217/2/D%20-%20OLIVEIRA%2c%20DANIELLE%20DOS%20SANTOS%20DE.pdf.txtbdfd6712656b3f98b603f5192fa57fc4MD52open accessTHUMBNAILD - OLIVEIRA, DANIELLE DOS SANTOS DE.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1268https://acervodigital.ufpr.br/bitstream/1884/25217/3/D%20-%20OLIVEIRA%2c%20DANIELLE%20DOS%20SANTOS%20DE.pdf.jpga35978feed3f5173ddf9ce7d363df86dMD53open access1884/252172022-11-28 09:49:07.484open accessoai:acervodigital.ufpr.br:1884/25217Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttp://acervodigital.ufpr.br/oai/requestopendoar:3082022-11-28T12:49:07Repositório Institucional da UFPR - Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR)false
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
title Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
spellingShingle Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
Oliveira, Danielle dos Santos de
Incendios florestais - Santa Catarina
Incendios florestais - Previsão
Sistemas de informação geográfica
Teses
title_short Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
title_full Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
title_fullStr Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
title_full_unstemmed Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
title_sort Zoneamento de risco de incêndios em povoamentos florestais no norte de Santa Catarina
author Oliveira, Danielle dos Santos de
author_facet Oliveira, Danielle dos Santos de
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv Batista, Antonio Carlos, 1956-
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv Oliveira, Danielle dos Santos de
contributor_str_mv Batista, Antonio Carlos, 1956-
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv Incendios florestais - Santa Catarina
Incendios florestais - Previsão
Sistemas de informação geográfica
Teses
topic Incendios florestais - Santa Catarina
Incendios florestais - Previsão
Sistemas de informação geográfica
Teses
description Orientador:Antonio Carlos Batista
publishDate 2002
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv 2002
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv 2022-11-28T12:49:07Z
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv 2022-11-28T12:49:07Z
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis
format masterThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.pt_BR.fl_str_mv Broch
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/1884/25217
identifier_str_mv Broch
url https://hdl.handle.net/1884/25217
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv por
language por
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 113f.:il.;mapas color.
application/pdf
dc.coverage.spatial.pt_BR.fl_str_mv This work was developed in Três Barras, State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, in a region composed of pine and eucalyptus plantations and indigenous vegetation. The objective of the research was to build a forest fire risk map through the integrated analysis of human presence, vegetation cover, fuel load, slope gradient and aspect, and predominant winds. For this analysis the Geographical Information System (GIS) was used. The information about the human presence in the region was obtained from the analysis of ortophotos and field records. The vegetation cover was retrieved from available data base. For the estimation of fuel load, mathematical models developed for pine and eucalyptus plantations and literature information for the exploited areas and indigenous vegetation were used. The slope gradient and aspect were obtained from the land digital model analysis. The predominant winds were obtained from daily meteorological ten-year period records. The influence of precipitation, temperature and air humidity over predominant winds was also analyzed. The fire records information were assembled in archives (date, region, stand, cause, burned area, time, firefighting efforts). Also were inserted information about studied factors for all the analyzed stands. From the archives analysis it was observed that all fires occurred in period of 1984 to 2001 were from human activities, and the mean burned area was inferior to the mean burned area for Santa Catarina State and Brazil. Based on literature information and acquired data, classification tables according to fire risk for each studied factors were prepared. From this classification it was possible to elaborate thematic fire risk maps. The results of the human presence analysis showed that 27,7% of the area suffered from some kind of influence. Considering the vegetation cover, the results showed that 66% of the area corresponding to pine plantation was classified as extreme risk. As to the fuel load, around 38,7% of the area represent high risk and 50% moderate risk. In relation to the slope gradient, it was observed that the majority of the area (99,6%) presents null and low risk. Analyzing the slope aspect, it was noticed that the areas which present higher risk were directed to the N (extreme risk), NW and W (very high risk) and NE (high risk), which correspond to 50% of the total area. Considering the predominant winds it was observed that 25,2% of the total area was under influence of NE and NW winds with apparently dryer characteristics, and 14,5% of the area was under the influence of winds from SE and SW with apparently higher moisture content. Through the application of correlation analysis the weights of each factor were calculated. The final stage of this work was the construction of a risk map, resulted from the superposition of various thematic maps developed in the previous stage. The fire risk map obtained from the correlation analysis between the environmental conditions and the local fire occurrences showed that 51,7% of the area was under low risk and 29,2% under moderate risk. However, the final map was highly influenced by the weighted model, being necessary a very discerning analysis of the environmental conditions associated to the forest fire occurrences in the region. Key-words: Wildfires; Fire risk map; GIS; Forest Protection.
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