Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online) |
Texto Completo: | https://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/3460 |
Resumo: | Brazil is a leader in global charcoal production. The Eucalyptus genus has good growth rates and wood properties, allowing the production of quality charcoal. However, characteristics such as age and carbonization temperature influence product quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the wood age of a hybrid GG100 (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis) and carbonization temperature on charcoal quality. Trees were sampled at 12, 24 and 42 months of age. Carbonization was performed in an electric oven (furnace) at three carbonization temperatures to determine the influence of wood parameters (age, specific gravity, insoluble lignin, and extractive contents) and carbonization temperature on charcoal quality (gravimetric yield, immediate chemical composition, and apparent specific gravity). Overall, we observed differences in the yields of charcoal and pyroligneous liquid and in charcoal properties across ages and carbonization temperatures, as well as gas yield across the ages. In particular, wood age and insoluble lignin content were positively associated with fixed carbon content and negatively associated with pyroligneous liquid content. Additionally, the carbonization temperature was negatively associated with volatile matter content. According to standards, the charcoal produced from trees aged 24 and 42 months and at temperatures of 500 ºC and 550 °C, meets the requirements of the steel industry. |
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Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperaturesQuality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperaturescarbonizationcarbonization temperaturegravimetric yieldEucalyptus urograndisjuvenile woodCharcoalEucalyptuscarbonizaçãotemperatura de carbonizaçãorendimento gravimétricoEucalyptus urograndismadeira juvenilCarvão vegetalEucaliptoBrazil is a leader in global charcoal production. The Eucalyptus genus has good growth rates and wood properties, allowing the production of quality charcoal. However, characteristics such as age and carbonization temperature influence product quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the wood age of a hybrid GG100 (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis) and carbonization temperature on charcoal quality. Trees were sampled at 12, 24 and 42 months of age. Carbonization was performed in an electric oven (furnace) at three carbonization temperatures to determine the influence of wood parameters (age, specific gravity, insoluble lignin, and extractive contents) and carbonization temperature on charcoal quality (gravimetric yield, immediate chemical composition, and apparent specific gravity). Overall, we observed differences in the yields of charcoal and pyroligneous liquid and in charcoal properties across ages and carbonization temperatures, as well as gas yield across the ages. In particular, wood age and insoluble lignin content were positively associated with fixed carbon content and negatively associated with pyroligneous liquid content. Additionally, the carbonization temperature was negatively associated with volatile matter content. According to standards, the charcoal produced from trees aged 24 and 42 months and at temperatures of 500 ºC and 550 °C, meets the requirements of the steel industry.O Brasil é um dos líderes mundiais na produção de carvão vegetal. O gênero Eucalyptus se destaca pelo seu incremento e propriedades da madeira, permitindo a produção de um carvão de qualidade. Características como idade e temperatura de carbonização influenciam na qualidade do produto. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a influência da idade da madeira do híbrido GG100 (Eucalyptus urograndis) e da temperatura de carbonização na qualidade do carvão vegetal produzido. Amostraram-se árvores com 12, 24 e 42 meses de idade. As carbonizações foram realizadas em forno elétrico tipo mufla, em três marchas de carbonização. Avaliou-se, portanto, a influência dos parâmetros da madeira (idade, massa específica e teores de lignina insolúvel e extrativos) e temperaturas de carbonização na qualidade do carvão produzido (rendimento gravimétrico, composição química imediata e massa específica aparente). Observou-se diferenças nos rendimentos em carvão e líquido pirolenhoso e nas propriedades do carvão entre as idades e marchas de carbonização, bem como no rendimento em gás entre as idades. A idade e o teor de lignina insolúvel se associaram positivamente com o teor de carbono fixo e negativamente com o rendimento em líquido pirolenhoso. Além disso, a marcha de carbonização se associou negativamente com a quantidade de materiais voláteis. De acordo com a norma, o carvão produzido nas idades de 24 e 42 meses e nas temperaturas 500 e 550 °C atende às exigências do setor siderúrgico.Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia/UFRA2021-10-26info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionOriginal articleArtigo originalapplication/pdfhttps://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/3460Amazonian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Vol 64 (2021): RCA AJAESRevista de Ciências Agrárias Amazonian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; v. 64 (2021): RCA AJAES2177-87601517-591Xreponame:Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online)instname:Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA)instacron:UFRAporhttps://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/3460/1627Copyright (c) 2021 Fábio Henrique Della Justina do Carmo, Jair Figueiredo do Carmo, João Vicente de Figueiredo Latorraca, Maristela Volpatohttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessHenrique Della Justina do Carmo, Fábio Figueiredo do Carmo, Jair de Figueiredo Latorraca, João Vicente Volpato, Maristela2021-10-26T19:52:15Zoai:ojs.www.periodicos.ufra.edu.br:article/3460Revistahttps://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/PUBhttps://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/oaiallan.lobato@ufra.edu.br || ajaes.suporte@gmail.com2177-87601517-591Xopendoar:2021-10-26T19:52:15Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online) - Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
title |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
spellingShingle |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures Henrique Della Justina do Carmo, Fábio carbonization carbonization temperature gravimetric yield Eucalyptus urograndis juvenile wood Charcoal Eucalyptus carbonização temperatura de carbonização rendimento gravimétrico Eucalyptus urograndis madeira juvenil Carvão vegetal Eucalipto |
title_short |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
title_full |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
title_fullStr |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
title_sort |
Quality and physicochemical characteristics of Eucalyptus charcoal produced at different ages and carbonization temperatures |
author |
Henrique Della Justina do Carmo, Fábio |
author_facet |
Henrique Della Justina do Carmo, Fábio Figueiredo do Carmo, Jair de Figueiredo Latorraca, João Vicente Volpato, Maristela |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Figueiredo do Carmo, Jair de Figueiredo Latorraca, João Vicente Volpato, Maristela |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Henrique Della Justina do Carmo, Fábio Figueiredo do Carmo, Jair de Figueiredo Latorraca, João Vicente Volpato, Maristela |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
carbonization carbonization temperature gravimetric yield Eucalyptus urograndis juvenile wood Charcoal Eucalyptus carbonização temperatura de carbonização rendimento gravimétrico Eucalyptus urograndis madeira juvenil Carvão vegetal Eucalipto |
topic |
carbonization carbonization temperature gravimetric yield Eucalyptus urograndis juvenile wood Charcoal Eucalyptus carbonização temperatura de carbonização rendimento gravimétrico Eucalyptus urograndis madeira juvenil Carvão vegetal Eucalipto |
description |
Brazil is a leader in global charcoal production. The Eucalyptus genus has good growth rates and wood properties, allowing the production of quality charcoal. However, characteristics such as age and carbonization temperature influence product quality. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the wood age of a hybrid GG100 (Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis) and carbonization temperature on charcoal quality. Trees were sampled at 12, 24 and 42 months of age. Carbonization was performed in an electric oven (furnace) at three carbonization temperatures to determine the influence of wood parameters (age, specific gravity, insoluble lignin, and extractive contents) and carbonization temperature on charcoal quality (gravimetric yield, immediate chemical composition, and apparent specific gravity). Overall, we observed differences in the yields of charcoal and pyroligneous liquid and in charcoal properties across ages and carbonization temperatures, as well as gas yield across the ages. In particular, wood age and insoluble lignin content were positively associated with fixed carbon content and negatively associated with pyroligneous liquid content. Additionally, the carbonization temperature was negatively associated with volatile matter content. According to standards, the charcoal produced from trees aged 24 and 42 months and at temperatures of 500 ºC and 550 °C, meets the requirements of the steel industry. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2021-10-26 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Original article Artigo original |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/3460 |
url |
https://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/3460 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://ajaes.ufra.edu.br/index.php/ajaes/article/view/3460/1627 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia/UFRA |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia/UFRA |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Amazonian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; Vol 64 (2021): RCA AJAES Revista de Ciências Agrárias Amazonian Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences; v. 64 (2021): RCA AJAES 2177-8760 1517-591X reponame:Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online) instname:Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) instacron:UFRA |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) |
instacron_str |
UFRA |
institution |
UFRA |
reponame_str |
Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online) |
collection |
Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online) |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Revista de Ciências Agrárias (Belém. Online) - Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
allan.lobato@ufra.edu.br || ajaes.suporte@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1797231630376501248 |