Dietary patterns of adults with asthma treated at a referral center for asthma

• Autor(a) principal: Forte, Gabriele Carra
• Data de Publicação: 2021
• Outros Autores: Forte, Cristina Carra, Hennemann, Maria Luiza Torres, Preto, Luiza Tweedie, Almeida, Jussara Carnevale de, Dalcin, Paulo de Tarso Roth, Canuto, Raquel
• Tipo de documento: Artigo
• Idioma: eng
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRGS
• Texto Completo: http://hdl.handle.net/10183/233723
• topic: Asma; Comportamento alimentar; Estado nutricional; Asthma; Feeding behavior; Nutritional status

Introduction: Consumption of foods with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant components could contribute to a better control of the asthma. The aim of this study was to assess the association between dietary patterns, nutritional status, and asthma control in patients treated at an asthma referral center in Porto Alegre, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with 198 adult asthma patients. Participants completed a 24-hour food recall and a questionnaire on disease history, degree of control, and severity, as well as pulmonary and anthropometric assessments. We used exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis as an extraction method to derive the dietary patterns. Results: The mean body mass index was 29.6 (SD, 5.7) kg/m², and 41.9% were classified as obese. Regarding disease severity, 72.7% were classified as having severe persistent asthma, and concerning the degree of control, 59.6% of the patients had uncontrolled asthma. Three dietary patterns were identified: “Sugars”, “Healthy”, and “Fats and Alcohol”. It was observed that the Fats and Alcohol pattern was significantly associated with men. However, no associations were observed between the other variables and dietary patterns. Conclusion: This was the first study to identify the dietary patterns in asthmatics in Brazil. Patterns found in the present study were “Sugars”, “Healthy” and “Fats and Alcohol”. However, there was no significant association between the 3 patterns and nutritional status or disease control.