The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain
Autor(a) principal: | |
---|---|
Data de Publicação: | 2021 |
Outros Autores: | , , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFRGS |
Texto Completo: | http://hdl.handle.net/10183/221814 |
Resumo: | Human cortical and subcortical areas integrate emotion, memory, and cognition when interpreting various environmental stimuli for the elaboration of complex, evolved social behaviors. Pyramidal neurons occur in developed phylogenetic areas advancing along with the allocortex to represent 70–85% of the neocortical gray matter. Here, we illustrate and discuss morphological features of heterogeneous spiny pyramidal neurons emerging from specific amygdaloid nuclei, in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal regions, and in neocortical layers II/III and V of the anterolateral temporal lobe in humans. Three-dimensional images of Golgi-impregnated neurons were obtained using an algorithm for the visualization of the cell body, dendritic length, branching pattern, and pleomorphic dendritic spines, which are specialized plastic postsynaptic units for most excitatory inputs. We demonstrate the emergence and development of human pyramidal neurons in the cortical and basomedial (but not the medial, MeA) nuclei of the amygdala with cells showing a triangular cell body shape, basal branched dendrites, and a short apical shaft with proximal ramifications as “pyramidal-like” neurons. Basomedial neurons also have a long and distally ramified apical dendrite not oriented to the pial surface. These neurons are at the beginning of the allocortex and the limbic lobe. “Pyramidal-like” to “classic” pyramidal neurons with laminar organization advance from the CA3 to the CA1 hippocampal regions. These cells have basal and apical dendrites with specific receptive synaptic domains and several spines. Neocortical pyramidal neurons in layers II/III and V display heterogeneous dendritic branching patterns adapted to the space available and the afferent inputs of each brain area. Dendritic spines vary in their distribution, density, shapes, and sizes (classified as stubby/wide, thin, mushroom-like, ramified, transitional forms, “atypical” or complex forms, such as thorny excrescences in the MeA and CA3 hippocampal region). Spines were found isolated or intermingled, with evident particularities (e.g., an extraordinary density in long, deep CA1 pyramidal neurons), and some showing a spinule. We describe spiny pyramidal neurons considerably improving the connectional and processing complexity of the brain circuits. On the other hand, these cells have some vulnerabilities, as found in neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease and in temporal lobe epilepsy. |
id |
UFRGS-2_66b0c8272050c0f9261605ed4ae7f3e6 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:www.lume.ufrgs.br:10183/221814 |
network_acronym_str |
UFRGS-2 |
network_name_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFRGS |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
Rasia Filho, Alberto AntonioGuerra, Kétlyn Talise KnakVásquez, Carlos EscobarDall'Oglio, AlineReberger, RomanJung, Claudio RositoCalcagnotto, Maria Elisa2021-06-02T04:33:35Z20211663-3563http://hdl.handle.net/10183/221814001125720Human cortical and subcortical areas integrate emotion, memory, and cognition when interpreting various environmental stimuli for the elaboration of complex, evolved social behaviors. Pyramidal neurons occur in developed phylogenetic areas advancing along with the allocortex to represent 70–85% of the neocortical gray matter. Here, we illustrate and discuss morphological features of heterogeneous spiny pyramidal neurons emerging from specific amygdaloid nuclei, in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal regions, and in neocortical layers II/III and V of the anterolateral temporal lobe in humans. Three-dimensional images of Golgi-impregnated neurons were obtained using an algorithm for the visualization of the cell body, dendritic length, branching pattern, and pleomorphic dendritic spines, which are specialized plastic postsynaptic units for most excitatory inputs. We demonstrate the emergence and development of human pyramidal neurons in the cortical and basomedial (but not the medial, MeA) nuclei of the amygdala with cells showing a triangular cell body shape, basal branched dendrites, and a short apical shaft with proximal ramifications as “pyramidal-like” neurons. Basomedial neurons also have a long and distally ramified apical dendrite not oriented to the pial surface. These neurons are at the beginning of the allocortex and the limbic lobe. “Pyramidal-like” to “classic” pyramidal neurons with laminar organization advance from the CA3 to the CA1 hippocampal regions. These cells have basal and apical dendrites with specific receptive synaptic domains and several spines. Neocortical pyramidal neurons in layers II/III and V display heterogeneous dendritic branching patterns adapted to the space available and the afferent inputs of each brain area. Dendritic spines vary in their distribution, density, shapes, and sizes (classified as stubby/wide, thin, mushroom-like, ramified, transitional forms, “atypical” or complex forms, such as thorny excrescences in the MeA and CA3 hippocampal region). Spines were found isolated or intermingled, with evident particularities (e.g., an extraordinary density in long, deep CA1 pyramidal neurons), and some showing a spinule. We describe spiny pyramidal neurons considerably improving the connectional and processing complexity of the brain circuits. On the other hand, these cells have some vulnerabilities, as found in neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease and in temporal lobe epilepsy.application/pdfengFrontiers in synaptic neuroscience. Lausanne. Vol. 13 (Mar. 2021), 616607, 35 p.NeocórtexCélulas piramidaisAmygdaloid complexHippocampusCerebral cortexHuman dendritic spines3D reconstructionAlzheimer’s diseaseTemporal lobe epilepsyThe subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brainEstrangeiroinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRGSinstname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)instacron:UFRGSTEXT001125720.pdf.txt001125720.pdf.txtExtracted Texttext/plain194509http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/221814/2/001125720.pdf.txtfa701c10cd68386250d78ed4747d3de0MD52ORIGINAL001125720.pdfTexto completo (inglês)application/pdf4988536http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/221814/1/001125720.pdf36b70bbcc2138fe592e36d222c3b0619MD5110183/2218142021-06-13 04:32:41.362892oai:www.lume.ufrgs.br:10183/221814Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttps://lume.ufrgs.br/oai/requestopendoar:2021-06-13T07:32:41Repositório Institucional da UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
title |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
spellingShingle |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain Rasia Filho, Alberto Antonio Neocórtex Células piramidais Amygdaloid complex Hippocampus Cerebral cortex Human dendritic spines 3D reconstruction Alzheimer’s disease Temporal lobe epilepsy |
title_short |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
title_full |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
title_fullStr |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
title_full_unstemmed |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
title_sort |
The subcortical-allocortical-neocortical continuum for the emergence and morphological heterogeneity of pyramidal neurons in the human brain |
author |
Rasia Filho, Alberto Antonio |
author_facet |
Rasia Filho, Alberto Antonio Guerra, Kétlyn Talise Knak Vásquez, Carlos Escobar Dall'Oglio, Aline Reberger, Roman Jung, Claudio Rosito Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Guerra, Kétlyn Talise Knak Vásquez, Carlos Escobar Dall'Oglio, Aline Reberger, Roman Jung, Claudio Rosito Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa |
author2_role |
author author author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Rasia Filho, Alberto Antonio Guerra, Kétlyn Talise Knak Vásquez, Carlos Escobar Dall'Oglio, Aline Reberger, Roman Jung, Claudio Rosito Calcagnotto, Maria Elisa |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Neocórtex Células piramidais |
topic |
Neocórtex Células piramidais Amygdaloid complex Hippocampus Cerebral cortex Human dendritic spines 3D reconstruction Alzheimer’s disease Temporal lobe epilepsy |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Amygdaloid complex Hippocampus Cerebral cortex Human dendritic spines 3D reconstruction Alzheimer’s disease Temporal lobe epilepsy |
description |
Human cortical and subcortical areas integrate emotion, memory, and cognition when interpreting various environmental stimuli for the elaboration of complex, evolved social behaviors. Pyramidal neurons occur in developed phylogenetic areas advancing along with the allocortex to represent 70–85% of the neocortical gray matter. Here, we illustrate and discuss morphological features of heterogeneous spiny pyramidal neurons emerging from specific amygdaloid nuclei, in CA3 and CA1 hippocampal regions, and in neocortical layers II/III and V of the anterolateral temporal lobe in humans. Three-dimensional images of Golgi-impregnated neurons were obtained using an algorithm for the visualization of the cell body, dendritic length, branching pattern, and pleomorphic dendritic spines, which are specialized plastic postsynaptic units for most excitatory inputs. We demonstrate the emergence and development of human pyramidal neurons in the cortical and basomedial (but not the medial, MeA) nuclei of the amygdala with cells showing a triangular cell body shape, basal branched dendrites, and a short apical shaft with proximal ramifications as “pyramidal-like” neurons. Basomedial neurons also have a long and distally ramified apical dendrite not oriented to the pial surface. These neurons are at the beginning of the allocortex and the limbic lobe. “Pyramidal-like” to “classic” pyramidal neurons with laminar organization advance from the CA3 to the CA1 hippocampal regions. These cells have basal and apical dendrites with specific receptive synaptic domains and several spines. Neocortical pyramidal neurons in layers II/III and V display heterogeneous dendritic branching patterns adapted to the space available and the afferent inputs of each brain area. Dendritic spines vary in their distribution, density, shapes, and sizes (classified as stubby/wide, thin, mushroom-like, ramified, transitional forms, “atypical” or complex forms, such as thorny excrescences in the MeA and CA3 hippocampal region). Spines were found isolated or intermingled, with evident particularities (e.g., an extraordinary density in long, deep CA1 pyramidal neurons), and some showing a spinule. We describe spiny pyramidal neurons considerably improving the connectional and processing complexity of the brain circuits. On the other hand, these cells have some vulnerabilities, as found in neurodegenerative Alzheimer’s disease and in temporal lobe epilepsy. |
publishDate |
2021 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2021-06-02T04:33:35Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2021 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
Estrangeiro info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/221814 |
dc.identifier.issn.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
1663-3563 |
dc.identifier.nrb.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
001125720 |
identifier_str_mv |
1663-3563 001125720 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10183/221814 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.relation.ispartof.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Frontiers in synaptic neuroscience. Lausanne. Vol. 13 (Mar. 2021), 616607, 35 p. |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRGS instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) instacron:UFRGS |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) |
instacron_str |
UFRGS |
institution |
UFRGS |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFRGS |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFRGS |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/221814/2/001125720.pdf.txt http://www.lume.ufrgs.br/bitstream/10183/221814/1/001125720.pdf |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
fa701c10cd68386250d78ed4747d3de0 36b70bbcc2138fe592e36d222c3b0619 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Repositório Institucional da UFRGS - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
|
_version_ |
1801225019600142336 |