Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis
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Data de Publicação: | 2022 |
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Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | por |
Título da fonte: | Revista Ambiente Contábil |
Texto Completo: | https://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/article/view/24643 |
Resumo: | Purpose: To analyze the technical efficiency of Brazilian railway companies. Methodology: The technical efficiency of Brazilian railway companies was analyzed through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), using the window analysis approach, and considering the Variable Returns of Scale model. The study examined eight companies during a five-year period, which totalizes 90% of the railway passengers in that timespan. The main inputs and outputs of railway systems referred in the international literature were used as variables. Results: Only railway companies classified as large can be considered technically efficient. Among them, São Paulo’s metro system was the only one that remained efficient throughout the years analyzed. Medium-sized companies were inefficient in all years of the sample, showing the necessity to reduce their inputs by an average of 19% in order to become technically efficient. The inclusion of financial variable as an input did not significantly change the efficiency indexes assessed. The study reveals the prevalence of increasing returns to scale in the Brazilian railway system. Contributions of the Study: This study identifies potential improvements for the companies considered inefficient and reveals they are medium-sized and state-owned, with high-cost financing from government resources. It is also a benchmark for further research on the topic, given the importance of identifying the effect of funding transport operations with government resources on companies’ efficiency. In this context, considering this study identifies the prevalence of increasing returns to scale in the Brazilian railway system, it contributes to the analysis of public policies associated with population access to this means of transportation, as constant returns to scale suggests that production increase, which has the number of carried passengers as the main variable, can generate benefits for the companies in terms of efficiency. |
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Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis Eficiencia del sistema de transporte metro-ferroviario brasileño: una aplicación del Análisis Envolvente de DatosEficiência do sistema de transporte metroferroviário brasileiro: uma aplicação da Análise Envoltória de Dados efficiency, urban rail transport, DEA.eficiencia, transporte metro-ferroviario, DEA.eficiência, transporte metroferroviário, DEA.Transporte PúblicoPurpose: To analyze the technical efficiency of Brazilian railway companies. Methodology: The technical efficiency of Brazilian railway companies was analyzed through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), using the window analysis approach, and considering the Variable Returns of Scale model. The study examined eight companies during a five-year period, which totalizes 90% of the railway passengers in that timespan. The main inputs and outputs of railway systems referred in the international literature were used as variables. Results: Only railway companies classified as large can be considered technically efficient. Among them, São Paulo’s metro system was the only one that remained efficient throughout the years analyzed. Medium-sized companies were inefficient in all years of the sample, showing the necessity to reduce their inputs by an average of 19% in order to become technically efficient. The inclusion of financial variable as an input did not significantly change the efficiency indexes assessed. The study reveals the prevalence of increasing returns to scale in the Brazilian railway system. Contributions of the Study: This study identifies potential improvements for the companies considered inefficient and reveals they are medium-sized and state-owned, with high-cost financing from government resources. It is also a benchmark for further research on the topic, given the importance of identifying the effect of funding transport operations with government resources on companies’ efficiency. In this context, considering this study identifies the prevalence of increasing returns to scale in the Brazilian railway system, it contributes to the analysis of public policies associated with population access to this means of transportation, as constant returns to scale suggests that production increase, which has the number of carried passengers as the main variable, can generate benefits for the companies in terms of efficiency.Objetivo: Analizar la eficiencia técnica de las empresas de metro en Brasil. Metodología: La eficiencia técnica de las empresas de transporte metro-ferroviario en Brasil fue analizada a través del Análisis Envolvente de Datos (DEA), apoyado por el Análisis de Ventana y considerando el modelo de retornos variables. El estudio abarcó un período de cinco años, para ocho empresas que representan el 90% de los pasajeros transportados en el sistema metro-ferroviario. Como variables se utilizaron los principales insumos y productos del transporte metro-ferroviario referenciados en la literatura internacional. Resultados: Solo las empresas de metro clasificadas como grandes son técnicamente eficientes y, entre ellas, solo Metrô SP se ha mantenido eficiente en todos los años analizados. Las empresas medianas resultaron ineficientes en todos los años de la muestra, con la necesidad de una reducción promedio del 19% en los insumos para ser técnicamente eficientes. La inclusión de variables financieras como input no tuvo un impacto significativo en los índices de eficiencia calculados. El estudio revela que prevalecen rendimientos crecientes a escala en el sistema de transporte metro-ferroviario brasileño. Contribuciones del Estudio: El estudio identifica posibles mejoras para las empresas consideradas ineficientes y revela que son empresas públicas de tamaño mediano, con altos niveles de financiamiento de sus costos a través de recursos gubernamentales, sirviendo este estudio de referencia para ampliar la investigación sobre el tema, dada la relevancia de identificar el efecto de costear las operaciones de transporte a través de recursos gubernamentales sobre la eficiencia de las empresas. En esta línea, al identificar que el sistema de transporte metro-ferroviario brasileño es predominante en los rendimientos crecientes a escala, este estudio contribuye al análisis de las políticas públicas vinculadas al acceso de la población a este transporte, ya que los rendimientos crecientes sugieren que el aumento de la producción, que tiene como variable principal el número de pasajeros transportados, puede generar beneficios en cuanto a la eficiencia de las empresas.Objetivo: Analisar a eficiência técnica das empresas metroferroviárias brasileiras. Metodologia: Foi analisada a eficiência técnica das empresas metroferroviárias brasileiras por meio da Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), com suporte na Análise de Janelas e considerando o modelo de retornos variáveis. O estudo contemplou um período de cinco anos, para oito empresas que totalizam 90% dos passageiros transportados no sistema metroferroviário. Como variáveis foram utilizados os principais insumos e produtos do transporte metroferroviário referenciados na literatura internacional. Resultados: São tecnicamente eficientes apenas as empresas metroferroviárias classificadas como de grande porte e dentre estas somente o Metrô SP se manteve eficiente em todos os anos analisados. As empresas de médio porte apresentaram-se ineficientes em todos os anos da amostra, sendo identificada a necessidade de redução média de 19% nos insumos para que estas se tornem tecnicamente eficientes. A inclusão de variável financeira como insumo não teve reflexo significativo nos índices de eficiência apurados. O estudo revela que prepondera no sistema de transporte metroferroviário brasileiro retornos crescentes de escala. Contribuições do Estudo: O estudo identifica melhorias potenciais para as empresas consideradas ineficientes e revela que estas são empresas públicas de médio porte, com altos níveis de financiamento dos seus custos por meio de recursos governamentais, servindo este estudo de referência para ampliar a pesquisa sobre o tema, dada a relevância de se identificar o efeito do custeio das operações do transporte por meio de recursos governamentais sobre a eficiência das empresas. Nessa esteira, ao identificar que prepondera no sistema de transporte metroferroviário brasileiro retornos crescentes de escala, este estudo contribui para a análise de políticas públicas vinculadas ao acesso da população a este transporte, uma vez que retornos crescentes sugerem que o aumento da produção, que tem como principal variável o número de passageiros transportados, pode gerar benefícios quanto à eficiência das empresas.Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da UFRN2022-01-06info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttps://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/article/view/2464310.21680/2176-9036.2022v14n1ID24643REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022): Jan./Jun.; 313-333REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Vol. 14 Núm. 1 (2022): Jan./Jun.; 313-333REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036; v. 14 n. 1 (2022): Jan./Jun.; 313-3332176-903610.21680/2176-9036.2022v14n1reponame:Revista Ambiente Contábilinstname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)instacron:UFRNporhttps://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/article/view/24643/15289Copyright (c) 2022 REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessda Silva Brum, Maria CeciliaWickstrom Alves, Tiago2023-01-18T22:47:58Zoai:periodicos.ufrn.br:article/24643Revistahttps://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambientePUBhttps://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/oai||prof.mauriciocsilva@gmail.com2176-90362176-9036opendoar:2023-01-18T22:47:58Revista Ambiente Contábil - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)false |
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis Eficiencia del sistema de transporte metro-ferroviario brasileño: una aplicación del Análisis Envolvente de Datos Eficiência do sistema de transporte metroferroviário brasileiro: uma aplicação da Análise Envoltória de Dados |
title |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis |
spellingShingle |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis da Silva Brum, Maria Cecilia efficiency, urban rail transport, DEA. eficiencia, transporte metro-ferroviario, DEA. eficiência, transporte metroferroviário, DEA. Transporte Público |
title_short |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis |
title_full |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis |
title_fullStr |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis |
title_sort |
Efficiency of the Brazilian rail transport system: an application of Data Envelopment Analysis |
author |
da Silva Brum, Maria Cecilia |
author_facet |
da Silva Brum, Maria Cecilia Wickstrom Alves, Tiago |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Wickstrom Alves, Tiago |
author2_role |
author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
da Silva Brum, Maria Cecilia Wickstrom Alves, Tiago |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
efficiency, urban rail transport, DEA. eficiencia, transporte metro-ferroviario, DEA. eficiência, transporte metroferroviário, DEA. Transporte Público |
topic |
efficiency, urban rail transport, DEA. eficiencia, transporte metro-ferroviario, DEA. eficiência, transporte metroferroviário, DEA. Transporte Público |
description |
Purpose: To analyze the technical efficiency of Brazilian railway companies. Methodology: The technical efficiency of Brazilian railway companies was analyzed through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), using the window analysis approach, and considering the Variable Returns of Scale model. The study examined eight companies during a five-year period, which totalizes 90% of the railway passengers in that timespan. The main inputs and outputs of railway systems referred in the international literature were used as variables. Results: Only railway companies classified as large can be considered technically efficient. Among them, São Paulo’s metro system was the only one that remained efficient throughout the years analyzed. Medium-sized companies were inefficient in all years of the sample, showing the necessity to reduce their inputs by an average of 19% in order to become technically efficient. The inclusion of financial variable as an input did not significantly change the efficiency indexes assessed. The study reveals the prevalence of increasing returns to scale in the Brazilian railway system. Contributions of the Study: This study identifies potential improvements for the companies considered inefficient and reveals they are medium-sized and state-owned, with high-cost financing from government resources. It is also a benchmark for further research on the topic, given the importance of identifying the effect of funding transport operations with government resources on companies’ efficiency. In this context, considering this study identifies the prevalence of increasing returns to scale in the Brazilian railway system, it contributes to the analysis of public policies associated with population access to this means of transportation, as constant returns to scale suggests that production increase, which has the number of carried passengers as the main variable, can generate benefits for the companies in terms of efficiency. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2022-01-06 |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/article/view/24643 10.21680/2176-9036.2022v14n1ID24643 |
url |
https://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/article/view/24643 |
identifier_str_mv |
10.21680/2176-9036.2022v14n1ID24643 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv |
https://periodicos.ufrn.br/ambiente/article/view/24643/15289 |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0 |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da UFRN |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Portal de Periódicos Eletrônicos da UFRN |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Vol. 14 No. 1 (2022): Jan./Jun.; 313-333 REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Vol. 14 Núm. 1 (2022): Jan./Jun.; 313-333 REVISTA AMBIENTE CONTÁBIL - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte - ISSN 2176-9036; v. 14 n. 1 (2022): Jan./Jun.; 313-333 2176-9036 10.21680/2176-9036.2022v14n1 reponame:Revista Ambiente Contábil instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) instacron:UFRN |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) |
instacron_str |
UFRN |
institution |
UFRN |
reponame_str |
Revista Ambiente Contábil |
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Revista Ambiente Contábil |
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Revista Ambiente Contábil - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
||prof.mauriciocsilva@gmail.com |
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