Estudo da severidade da mucosite oral em crianças com leucemia linfoblástica aguda em hospital de referência em Natal-RN

• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Gabriela Dantas Marques dos
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/39197
• topic: Mucosite oral; Leucemia; Quimioterapia

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common form of cancer in children. The disease is characterized by accumulation of immature lymphoid cells in the bone marrow. Its incidence peak occurs between 2 and 5 years old, corresponding to 25% of all cancers in children in this age group. The suggested treatment is chemotherapy and it‟s divided into 3 phases: induction, consolidation and intensification/maintenance. Compared to other drugs, methotrexate (MTX) stands out because it has a high inductor potential in mucosal lining of the body, particularly in the digestive tract and is administered in high doses in intensification phase. Thus, the direct and indirect effects alter the oral epithelium and are associated with cases of mucositis or stomatitis. Oral mucositis is the most widespread complication in children with ALL as a result of the cytotoxicity of the treatment and causes severe morbidity and even mortality in patients undergoing anticancer treatment. This research was conducted through retrospective analysis of data from the medical records of children patients with ALL treated with anticancer therapy at the Hospital Infantil Varela Santiago (HIVS). The objective of this research is to study and describe the occurrence and severity in a series of cases of oral mucositis, between the years 2001 and 2014. As a result, in a total of 129 patients, oral mucositis was in 18.60% of the analyzed medical records. Of this total, considering the chemotherapy stage, 37.5% were in the induction phase and relative to severity of the disease, 37.5% had mucositis grade I. We conclude that children and adolescents undergoing chemotherapy are at high risk of developing oral infections that can interfere with the progress of chemotherapy. This research would demand important informations not contained in some records which, if not omitted, could certainly strengthen the results of this quest, including providing adequate statistical data which, in this situation, is hampered.