Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2020 |
Outros Autores: | , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/30153 |
Resumo: | Additives are essential in lubricant development, improving their performance by the formation of a protective film, thus reducing friction and wear. Some such additives are extreme pressure additives. However, due to environmental issues, their use has been questioned because their composition includes sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus. Nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be a suitable substitute for those additives. This paper aims to make a comparison of the tribological performance of conventional EP additives and oxides nanoparticles (copper and zinc) under boundary lubrication conditions. The additives (nanoparticles, ZDDP, and sulfur) were added to mineral and synthetic oils. The lubricant tribological properties were analyzed in the tribometer HFRR (high frequency reciprocating rig), and during the test, the friction coefficient and percentual of film formation were measured. The wear was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the conventional EP additives have a good performance owing to their anti-wear and small friction coefficient in both lubricant bases. The oxides nanoparticles, when used as additives, can reduce the friction more effectively than conventional additives, and displayed similar behavior to the extreme pressure additives. Thus, the oxide nanoparticles are more environmentally suitable, and they can replace EP additives adapting the lubricant to current environmental requirements |
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Alves, S.MMello, Valdicleide SilvaTrajano, Marinalva FerreiraGuedes, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva2020-09-21T23:36:54Z2020-09-21T23:36:54Z2020-05-12MELLO, Valdicleide Silva; TRAJANO, Marinalva Ferreira; GUEDES, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva; ALVES, Salete Martins. Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication. Lubricants, [s.l.], v. 8, n. 5, p. 54, 12 maio 2020. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/8/5/54. Acesso em: 24 ago. 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8050054.2075-4442https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/3015310.3390/lubricants8050054MDPIAttribution 3.0 Brazilhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBoundary lubrication;EP additivesOxides nanoparticlesComparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubricationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleAdditives are essential in lubricant development, improving their performance by the formation of a protective film, thus reducing friction and wear. Some such additives are extreme pressure additives. However, due to environmental issues, their use has been questioned because their composition includes sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus. Nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be a suitable substitute for those additives. This paper aims to make a comparison of the tribological performance of conventional EP additives and oxides nanoparticles (copper and zinc) under boundary lubrication conditions. The additives (nanoparticles, ZDDP, and sulfur) were added to mineral and synthetic oils. The lubricant tribological properties were analyzed in the tribometer HFRR (high frequency reciprocating rig), and during the test, the friction coefficient and percentual of film formation were measured. The wear was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the conventional EP additives have a good performance owing to their anti-wear and small friction coefficient in both lubricant bases. The oxides nanoparticles, when used as additives, can reduce the friction more effectively than conventional additives, and displayed similar behavior to the extreme pressure additives. Thus, the oxide nanoparticles are more environmentally suitable, and they can replace EP additives adapting the lubricant to current environmental requirementsengreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRNinstname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)instacron:UFRNORIGINALComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020 (4).pdfComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020 (4).pdfapplication/pdf4060281https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/30153/1/ComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020%20%284%29.pdf55ba6400d43116c2884200aaad24bcc2MD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8914https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/30153/2/license_rdf4d2950bda3d176f570a9f8b328dfbbefMD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81484https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/30153/3/license.txte9597aa2854d128fd968be5edc8a28d9MD53TEXTComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020 (4).pdf.txtComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020 (4).pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain44712https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/30153/4/ComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020%20%284%29.pdf.txtfa8f736fb39ae830c23c63ce216d4e2cMD54THUMBNAILComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020 (4).pdf.jpgComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020 (4).pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1597https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/30153/5/ComparisonBetweenAction_ALVES_2020%20%284%29.pdf.jpg321608a4c91f9e8d46e46f827abdf839MD55123456789/301532020-09-27 04:55:38.99oai:https://repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/30153Tk9OLUVYQ0xVU0lWRSBESVNUUklCVVRJT04gTElDRU5TRQoKCkJ5IHNpZ25pbmcgYW5kIGRlbGl2ZXJpbmcgdGhpcyBsaWNlbnNlLCBNci4gKGF1dGhvciBvciBjb3B5cmlnaHQgaG9sZGVyKToKCgphKSBHcmFudHMgdGhlIFVuaXZlcnNpZGFkZSBGZWRlcmFsIFJpbyBHcmFuZGUgZG8gTm9ydGUgdGhlIG5vbi1leGNsdXNpdmUgcmlnaHQgb2YKcmVwcm9kdWNlLCBjb252ZXJ0IChhcyBkZWZpbmVkIGJlbG93KSwgY29tbXVuaWNhdGUgYW5kIC8gb3IKZGlzdHJpYnV0ZSB0aGUgZGVsaXZlcmVkIGRvY3VtZW50IChpbmNsdWRpbmcgYWJzdHJhY3QgLyBhYnN0cmFjdCkgaW4KZGlnaXRhbCBvciBwcmludGVkIGZvcm1hdCBhbmQgaW4gYW55IG1lZGl1bS4KCmIpIERlY2xhcmVzIHRoYXQgdGhlIGRvY3VtZW50IHN1Ym1pdHRlZCBpcyBpdHMgb3JpZ2luYWwgd29yaywgYW5kIHRoYXQKeW91IGhhdmUgdGhlIHJpZ2h0IHRvIGdyYW50IHRoZSByaWdodHMgY29udGFpbmVkIGluIHRoaXMgbGljZW5zZS4gRGVjbGFyZXMKdGhhdCB0aGUgZGVsaXZlcnkgb2YgdGhlIGRvY3VtZW50IGRvZXMgbm90IGluZnJpbmdlLCBhcyBmYXIgYXMgaXQgaXMKdGhlIHJpZ2h0cyBvZiBhbnkgb3RoZXIgcGVyc29uIG9yIGVudGl0eS4KCmMpIElmIHRoZSBkb2N1bWVudCBkZWxpdmVyZWQgY29udGFpbnMgbWF0ZXJpYWwgd2hpY2ggZG9lcyBub3QKcmlnaHRzLCBkZWNsYXJlcyB0aGF0IGl0IGhhcyBvYnRhaW5lZCBhdXRob3JpemF0aW9uIGZyb20gdGhlIGhvbGRlciBvZiB0aGUKY29weXJpZ2h0IHRvIGdyYW50IHRoZSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZGUgRmVkZXJhbCBkbyBSaW8gR3JhbmRlIGRvIE5vcnRlIHRoZSByaWdodHMgcmVxdWlyZWQgYnkgdGhpcyBsaWNlbnNlLCBhbmQgdGhhdCB0aGlzIG1hdGVyaWFsIHdob3NlIHJpZ2h0cyBhcmUgb2YKdGhpcmQgcGFydGllcyBpcyBjbGVhcmx5IGlkZW50aWZpZWQgYW5kIHJlY29nbml6ZWQgaW4gdGhlIHRleHQgb3IKY29udGVudCBvZiB0aGUgZG9jdW1lbnQgZGVsaXZlcmVkLgoKSWYgdGhlIGRvY3VtZW50IHN1Ym1pdHRlZCBpcyBiYXNlZCBvbiBmdW5kZWQgb3Igc3VwcG9ydGVkIHdvcmsKYnkgYW5vdGhlciBpbnN0aXR1dGlvbiBvdGhlciB0aGFuIHRoZSBVbml2ZXJzaWRhZGUgRmVkZXJhbCBkbyBSaW8gR3JhbmRlIGRvIE5vcnRlLCBkZWNsYXJlcyB0aGF0IGl0IGhhcyBmdWxmaWxsZWQgYW55IG9ibGlnYXRpb25zIHJlcXVpcmVkIGJ5IHRoZSByZXNwZWN0aXZlIGFncmVlbWVudCBvciBhZ3JlZW1lbnQuCgpUaGUgVW5pdmVyc2lkYWRlIEZlZGVyYWwgZG8gUmlvIEdyYW5kZSBkbyBOb3J0ZSB3aWxsIGNsZWFybHkgaWRlbnRpZnkgaXRzIG5hbWUgKHMpIGFzIHRoZSBhdXRob3IgKHMpIG9yIGhvbGRlciAocykgb2YgdGhlIGRvY3VtZW50J3MgcmlnaHRzCmRlbGl2ZXJlZCwgYW5kIHdpbGwgbm90IG1ha2UgYW55IGNoYW5nZXMsIG90aGVyIHRoYW4gdGhvc2UgcGVybWl0dGVkIGJ5CnRoaXMgbGljZW5zZQo=Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttp://repositorio.ufrn.br/oai/opendoar:2020-09-27T07:55:38Repositório Institucional da UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
title |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
spellingShingle |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication Alves, S.M Boundary lubrication; EP additives Oxides nanoparticles |
title_short |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
title_full |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
title_fullStr |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
title_full_unstemmed |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
title_sort |
Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication |
author |
Alves, S.M |
author_facet |
Alves, S.M Mello, Valdicleide Silva Trajano, Marinalva Ferreira Guedes, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Mello, Valdicleide Silva Trajano, Marinalva Ferreira Guedes, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva |
author2_role |
author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Alves, S.M Mello, Valdicleide Silva Trajano, Marinalva Ferreira Guedes, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Boundary lubrication; EP additives Oxides nanoparticles |
topic |
Boundary lubrication; EP additives Oxides nanoparticles |
description |
Additives are essential in lubricant development, improving their performance by the formation of a protective film, thus reducing friction and wear. Some such additives are extreme pressure additives. However, due to environmental issues, their use has been questioned because their composition includes sulfur, chlorine, and phosphorus. Nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be a suitable substitute for those additives. This paper aims to make a comparison of the tribological performance of conventional EP additives and oxides nanoparticles (copper and zinc) under boundary lubrication conditions. The additives (nanoparticles, ZDDP, and sulfur) were added to mineral and synthetic oils. The lubricant tribological properties were analyzed in the tribometer HFRR (high frequency reciprocating rig), and during the test, the friction coefficient and percentual of film formation were measured. The wear was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the conventional EP additives have a good performance owing to their anti-wear and small friction coefficient in both lubricant bases. The oxides nanoparticles, when used as additives, can reduce the friction more effectively than conventional additives, and displayed similar behavior to the extreme pressure additives. Thus, the oxide nanoparticles are more environmentally suitable, and they can replace EP additives adapting the lubricant to current environmental requirements |
publishDate |
2020 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-09-21T23:36:54Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2020-09-21T23:36:54Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2020-05-12 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
MELLO, Valdicleide Silva; TRAJANO, Marinalva Ferreira; GUEDES, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva; ALVES, Salete Martins. Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication. Lubricants, [s.l.], v. 8, n. 5, p. 54, 12 maio 2020. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/8/5/54. Acesso em: 24 ago. 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8050054. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/30153 |
dc.identifier.issn.none.fl_str_mv |
2075-4442 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
10.3390/lubricants8050054 |
identifier_str_mv |
MELLO, Valdicleide Silva; TRAJANO, Marinalva Ferreira; GUEDES, Ana Emilia Diniz Silva; ALVES, Salete Martins. Comparison between the action of Nano-Oxides and conventional EP additives in boundary lubrication. Lubricants, [s.l.], v. 8, n. 5, p. 54, 12 maio 2020. Disponível em: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4442/8/5/54. Acesso em: 24 ago. 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants8050054. 2075-4442 10.3390/lubricants8050054 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/30153 |
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eng |
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eng |
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Attribution 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/ |
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openAccess |
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MDPI |
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MDPI |
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