Utilização de antioxidante natural extraído da romã (punica granatum) em formulações diesel/biodiesel e estudo quimiométrico por PCA

• Autor(a) principal: Dantas, José Wellison Lima
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/38303
• topic: PCA.; Oxidative Stability.; Diesel.; Biodiesel.; Antioxidante Natural.; Estabilidade Oxidativa.; FTIR.; Química do Petróleo

Nowadays, the incorporation of biofuels in formulations of petroleum-derived fuels has been intensively pursued for environmental and economic reasons. However, due to the presence of unsaturations or oxygen groups in the structure, addition of these compounds intensify the oxidative processes, generating undesirable products and affecting the quality of the fuels, being essential the use of antioxidants. In this work, the efficiency of a natural antioxidant, extracted from pomegranate (Punica granatum), in biodiesel blends of 8 and 15% (v / v) was evaluated. The characterization of the mixtures occurred with physicochemical properties such as atmospheric distillation curve, cetane number, kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C, specific mass at 20 ° C, oxidative stability by the PetroOXY method and spectrometry in the region of With Fourier transform (FTIR). Based on the Principal Components Analysis (PCA), using the FTIR spectra, it was possible to classify the samples based on their compositions. The addition of the natural antioxidant and up to 15% biodiesel in the diesel formulations did not significantly alter the physicochemical properties of the fuel. The FTIR spectra for the mixtures showed no relevant changes in the profile of the samples with different concentrations of biodiesel and natural antioxidant. The PCA was able to classify the samples with 8 and 15% of biodiesel and samples containing natural or commercial antioxidant in their compositions by PC2 vs PC3 in different groups. The loadings graphs showed that, PC1 considered as important in the classification of the samples, the existence of the diesel / biodiesel mixture. However, PC2 identified differences in biodiesel concentration due to the change in absorption intensity, allowing the separation of samples into two classes, containing 8 and 15% biodiesel. PC3 differentiated the groups of samples by the characteristic bands of the natural and commercial antioxidant present in the diesel formulations.