Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca
Autor(a) principal: | |
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Data de Publicação: | 2016 |
Outros Autores: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Artigo |
Idioma: | eng |
Título da fonte: | Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
Texto Completo: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23077 |
Resumo: | The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain’s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of \mind-expansion" frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs. |
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Viol, A.Palhano-Fontes, FernandaOnias, HeloisaAraújo, Dráulio Barros deViswanathan, G. M.2017-05-25T17:05:01Z2017-05-25T17:05:01Z2016https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23077arXiv:1611.00358v1engpsychedelicAyahuascaShannon entropyShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuascainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleThe entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain’s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of \mind-expansion" frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs.info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRNinstname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)instacron:UFRNORIGINALShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca.pdfShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca.pdfDraulioAraujo_ICe_Shannon entropy of brain functional_2016application/pdf5363519https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/23077/1/Shannon%20entropy%20of%20brain%20functional%20complex%20networks%20under%20the%20influence%20of%20the%20psychedelic%20Ayahuasca.pdfa3a1ddf264835a5f4b7d3d2f1c07e6f3MD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-81748https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/23077/2/license.txt8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33MD52TEXTShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca.pdf.txtShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain46598https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/23077/5/Shannon%20entropy%20of%20brain%20functional%20complex%20networks%20under%20the%20influence%20of%20the%20psychedelic%20Ayahuasca.pdf.txtfb4a3704525292cb32a4d54935ab6f4aMD55THUMBNAILShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca.pdf.jpgShannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg5736https://repositorio.ufrn.br/bitstream/123456789/23077/6/Shannon%20entropy%20of%20brain%20functional%20complex%20networks%20under%20the%20influence%20of%20the%20psychedelic%20Ayahuasca.pdf.jpg112ddd21e92c4e96f4a9ceeed0680660MD56123456789/230772021-07-08 15:42:01.26oai:https://repositorio.ufrn.br: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Repositório de PublicaçõesPUBhttp://repositorio.ufrn.br/oai/opendoar:2021-07-08T18:42:01Repositório Institucional da UFRN - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)false |
dc.title.pt_BR.fl_str_mv |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
title |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
spellingShingle |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca Viol, A. psychedelic Ayahuasca Shannon entropy |
title_short |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
title_full |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
title_fullStr |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
title_full_unstemmed |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
title_sort |
Shannon entropy of brain functional complex networks under the influence of the psychedelic Ayahuasca |
author |
Viol, A. |
author_facet |
Viol, A. Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M. |
author_role |
author |
author2 |
Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M. |
author2_role |
author author author author |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Viol, A. Palhano-Fontes, Fernanda Onias, Heloisa Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Viswanathan, G. M. |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
psychedelic Ayahuasca Shannon entropy |
topic |
psychedelic Ayahuasca Shannon entropy |
description |
The entropic brain hypothesis holds that the key facts concerning psychedelics are partially explained in terms of increased entropy of the brain’s functional connectivity. Ayahuasca is a psychedelic beverage of Amazonian indigenous origin with legal status in Brazil in religious and scientific settings. In this context, we use tools and concepts from the theory of complex networks to analyze resting state fMRI data of the brains of human subjects under two distinct conditions: (i) under ordinary waking state and (ii) in an altered state of consciousness induced by ingestion of Ayahuasca. We report an increase in the Shannon entropy of the degree distribution of the networks subsequent to Ayahuasca ingestion. We also find increased local and decreased global network integration. Our results are broadly consistent with the entropic brain hypothesis. Finally, we discuss our findings in the context of descriptions of \mind-expansion" frequently seen in self-reports of users of psychedelic drugs. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-25T17:05:01Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-05-25T17:05:01Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
format |
article |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23077 |
dc.identifier.doi.none.fl_str_mv |
arXiv:1611.00358v1 |
url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23077 |
identifier_str_mv |
arXiv:1611.00358v1 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
eng |
language |
eng |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) instacron:UFRN |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) |
instacron_str |
UFRN |
institution |
UFRN |
reponame_str |
Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
collection |
Repositório Institucional da UFRN |
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