Estudo de Tensoativos Não Iônicos na Extração de Parafina de Cascalho de Perfuração

• Autor(a) principal: Câmara, Bárbara
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/39519
• topic: Cascalho de perfuração; Resíduo sólido; Microemulsão; Extração sólido-liquido; Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertação; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Engenharia de Petróleo

In the process of drilling oil wells, a fluid is used to control hydrostatic pressure, cool the drill bit, clean the bottom of the well and to remove rock fragments - also called drill cuttings - generated during the operation. When the drill cuttings come in contact with this fluid, which is usually oil-based, it generates a solid-liquid mixture, which in turn, ends up causing the cuttings to be contaminated. And, being a waste generated in large quantity, can bring serious consequences to the environment, if discarded without previous treatment. The Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT) has a standard, NBR 10004:2004, responsible for distinguishing through classes and, consequently, establishing solid waste that can or can not be discarded in the environment without causing environmental impacts. Solid wastes may be classified as: Class I (hazardous) or Class II (nonhazardous). In this context, the present work provides an innovative alternative to treat drill cuttings, which is classified as a Class I waste (Abreu & Souza, 2005). Exploratory tests were performed using microemulsions, composed by a non-ionic surfactant, UNTL-90, to promote the removal of contaminants, in particular n-paraffin. Initially, the paraffin concentration was determined using the infrared method, in samples previously extracted with ultrasound, a paraffin concentration in the range of 15.03 to 42.04 grams/ kg of drill cuttings was obtained. The results obtained were quite distorted, but indicated the use of this technology as a promising alternative for the decontamination of the cuttings. The cuttings samples used for the study were provided by Petrobras from wells located in Alto do Rodrigues - RN.