Obtenção de biodiesel de girassol e avaliação de sua ação corrosiva

• Autor(a) principal: Baracho, Bernardo Bruno Dias
• Data de Publicação: 2016
• Tipo de documento: Trabalho de conclusão de curso
• Idioma: por
• Título da fonte: Repositório Institucional da UFRN
• Texto Completo: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/38317
• topic: Corrosão.; Corrosion.; Óleo de girassol.; Biodiesel.; Transesterificação.; Sunflower oil.; Transesterification.; Biodiesel.; Química do Petróleo

The major causes of the global warming caused by the greenhouse effect are the emissions of polluting gases from burning of fossil fuels. In this sense, biodiesel is a fuel alternative to diesel because of its use reduces emissions of pollutants and contribute to the reduction of air pollution. This fuel type is produced on a large scale by the transesterification synthetic methodology, which consists of the reaction of a fatty material and a short chain alcohol, in the presence of a catalyst (acidic, basic or enzymatic). The objective of this work was to obtain biodiesel from sunflower oil (B100-OG) through alkaline transesterification with NaOH, by ethylic route, in order to evaluate its corrosive action. Initially, 1.5% NaOH was used in relation to the amount of oil, and the oil/alcohol ratio was 1:6, at 60 °C, for 90 minutes, with a 74 % of reaction yield. A mixture of 93% S10 Diesel and 7% of the sunflower biodiesel (B7-OG) was prepared, which was submitted to physical-chemical characterization analyzes (kinematic and dynamic viscosity, density, clogging point, pour point). For the sample B100-OG, an oxidative stability analyses was carried out wherein the biodiesel induction time was determined. The corrosion effect on AISI 1020 carbon steel was evaluated by the immersion test (mass loss coupon experiment) for the tested samples such as the commercially purchased S10 Diesel, B100-OG and B7-OG, following the standard ASTM G31. The higher corrosion rate were observed for the S10 diesel (1.318 mpy) and B100-OG (2.460 mpy) samples. The greater result was obtained for B7-OG (1.290 mpy) sample.